6 20 162 https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/53d207c8fc67dc2deea3930b47881a86.pdf a8518f5c5ad912ce7aef6150553b3c75 PDF Text Text A Summer's Day to Remember! In last year's Emsworth's Echo I wrote about those fortunate agricultural workers who benefited from financial awards offered by the South East Hants Association in the nineteenth century. The story continues. Charles Osborn, founder and secretary to the Association, farmed on Hayling Island and Fareham and was a regular visitor to the Chichester cattle market. It was there that he announced that he proposed giving premiums to three of the most worthy labourers in the locality and he duly did this in 1835 at the dinner which followed the Christmas Fat Stock Show. This was chaired by the Duke of Richmond who enthusiastically supported Osborn's idea of a society which rewarded labourers of outstanding character and husbandry skills at an annual meeting at which livestock were not to be judged. The West Sussex Agricultural Association was formed and held its first annual meeting in September 1836. Osborn, a committee member from Hampshire, saw the opportunity to benefit his labourers and those who worked for his neighbours. He argued that potential candidates, who met the society's criteria of regular church attendance, of being self-sufficient as far as their circumstances allowed and who stayed away from the beerhouses, should be drawn from within a 20 mile radius of Chichester. This area included the parishes of Warblington and North and South Hayling. Awards to labourers of Warblington tended to be given to those "whose cottages and gardens, consisting of not more than half an acre, shall be kept and cultivated in the neatest manner and the general appearance of whose crops shall be most satisfactory to the judges". George Bolton, John Durrall or Durrell, William Eames, Thomas Garnett, Thomas Tickner and John Westbrook, were awarded prizes of 10s. to £1. 5s. Od. between the years 1839 to 1843. Winners of other classes were:- Maria Harden, awarded the only prize of £3 in 1859 for "the female agricultural servant who had been in service the longest period and had voluntarily afforded most material support to her relatives". William Redman, 2nd prize of £3 in 1859 for "married labourer or widower who had been in employment for the longest period and who either voluntarily supported their parents or made provision for old age". G. Sparkes, employer not named, 1st prize of £5 for "labourers who have supported the largest family with the smallest amount of parish relief since 1826" in 1837. Thomas Tee, took the first prize of £3 in 1837 and 2nd prize of £2 in the sheep shearing competition in 1839. William Tickner, aged 59, employer not named, in 1838 1st prize of £5 for "the labourer who previous to his marriage had made best provision for his future life. He had saved £45 of which £35 was in a savings bank and £10 in his master's hands, had worked on the same farm for 23 years and was 29 when he married". In 1840 he won 15s. in the cottage and garden competition. Thomas Tipper, in 1847 — 1st prize of £3 for "the labourer over 40 and under 55 years who had brought up their family respectably and had retained their services for the longest time and had the best character". �William Tipper, in 1847, 2nd prize of £3 for "labourer 55 years and upwards who had brought up their family respectably and had retained their services for the longest time and had the best character" Mary Welch, 2nd prize of £2 in 1859 for "female agricultural servant who had been in service for the longest period and had made provision for sickness or old age". It is regrettable that the secretary of the West Sussex Society failed to provide, for posterity, the newspaper with personal details which justified the awards, unlike his Hampshire counterpart Charles Osborn. These prizes were given out to the men at the annual award ceremony which was held in early summer, after the hay harvest. As was the custom women, unless they were the wives of the president or members of his committee, were excluded from these annual celebrations but were given 2s. 6d. (25p) in lieu. The Hampshire Telegraph & Sussex Chronicle sometimes provided descriptions of the day at Goodwood Park. From the outset, both the duke of Richmond and Osborn were determined that proper respect should be shown to the labourers by sitting with them in the same room for a really good meal. Other societies had merely invited winners into the dining room, given them the award and dismissed them without any food or drink. The duke, his guests, farmers and clergy sat at one long table and the labourers, with a local farmer, at the other. The lunch was a jolly occasion when men from Warblington could meet kinsmen or friends from surrounding parishes and exchange gossip. An address was made to the men by the president and then cash prizes were given out, accompanied by a certificate. Following the prize giving the winners left and, it is assumed, went home along the winding, dusty country lanes in transport provided by their employers. It really would have been a summer's day to remember! Malcolm Walford � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1478 Title A name given to the resource A Summer's Day to Remember Description An account of the resource Mid 19th century recipients of awards made by West Sussex Agricultural Association to labourers and servants in Warblington and Hayling Island Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Walford, Malcolm Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2010 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 16.02.2019 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1835-1972 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Hayling Island, Warblington Subject The topic of the resource agricultural awards, labourer, servant Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 42, Nov. 2010, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp. 7-8, EMHT1476 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/2e505e3023808d8d76f94745e9b00d68.pdf 75302f3da0b3ed4c5b078d7b7f3d645a PDF Text Text Archivists' Report No. 41 Bridge Road Pam Clayton referred to us a query from occupants in the road who wished to know the date of their property. This led to a study of the road in history, which we had not tackled before. The road as we know it is only 100 years old. However, its predecessor — Greensted Lane — goes back several centuries (certainly before 1632) and was a lane which went from the Havant Road to Cold Harbour Farm to the north, largely following the stream. This stream has now been culverted and runs under the main road into the Mill Pond. The only buildings (by the early 19th century) were at the Havant Road end, in what was a short cul-de-sac off the main road; one was the early National School. By this time the road was starting to be called Back Lane. The land was arable and one plot is strangely called 'Tan House Field'. By 1898 there were nine properties, all on the west side and the remaining buildings were largely erected in the early 20th century, when it took its present name. St. Peter's Square We are grateful to Adrian Locke for letting us see the deeds of Nos. 29-37. These include records of the White Swan public house (the building is still there) and adjoining properties from 1807 onwards. The White Swan was owned by Emsworth Manor until 1897 when it was enfranchised (i.e. made freehold). It is a Grade III Listed Building. Where Heidis and Nationwide are now (nos. 35-37) were two houses in 1807, subsequently divided into four. For well over 200 years this part of the Square was a focal stretch for merchants, shops, etc., with two inns and many other businesses. Clovelly Road We were lent the deeds of a house in this road. In 1838 the whole of the Clovelly Road site was part of the garden of Valetta, a big house fronting the main road, in the ownership of a retired Army Officer, and finally demolished in 1958. The garden land was successively sold off and was owned by the Revd. H. G. Spriggs in 1913 and bought by a builder in 1933, and development started before the outbreak of war in 1939. The banana shape of the road derives simply from the originally curved field boundary. Our thanks to Patricia Williamson for her generous help. Old Field Names of Emsworth It is possible in a few cases to trace the history of plots of land back several centuries. In the 17th century and earlier many fields were given names; some were based on owners or occupiers, others on the use or location of the land. Here are a few examples: Island Field (known also as Eyland and, in modern times, Highland) situated on the north side of Havant Road. It was named as such in the Manor Rentals of 1495 and 1618-32. The entries do not list cottages or other buildings so this area was obviously completely agricultural. �Quintains. This name is still in use at the top end of New Brighton Road and related to an agricultural plot in the 17th century. It has been variously spelled Quintons and Quintance and the site has been used as arable farming and brick kilns, the bricks being used for the building of houses in New Brighton Road and Westbourne Avenue. Killhouse. This strange name occurs in 19th century deeds and also in the 1618 Rental. Killhouse, according to an Indenture of 1863, is 'a parcel of waste ground or mudland, which at every tide is the greater part covered with salt or sea water'. In 1618 it is 'a field of Emsworth facing Killhouse marsh'. The 1851-1881 Censuses indicate that buildings of that name are on the Quay next to the Mill, possibly facing the Mill Pond. Sweare Lane. A cottage 'lately built' is mentioned in 1618-32. This was the earlier name of King Street and is our earliest reference to the existence of the Street (Lane). Brookfield Our Administrator sought information on the Brookfield, Havant Road. The site in 1838 was pasture and was sold in 1882 for building plots and building took place between then and 1887. It was occupied by Charles Emery in 1891 with seven family members and two servants. In 1896 it had a double carriage drive, large entrance hall, dining room with ornamental ceiling, seven bedrooms, bathroom (hot and cold), three wc's, a two-stall stable, coach houses and two heated greenhouses. The owner from 1887 to before 1914 was W. H. Duffield. The hotel was started in 1972 by Joyce and Drew Gibson with six bedrooms and by 1993, had 41 bedrooms. 1895 Map of Emsworth Frank Warren (a member of the Trust) has given us a copy of the 1895 map of Emsworth. This, like any map, is invaluable to us as a mine of information. We will eventually deposit it at the Museum for display. Emsworth Turnpike and Short By-Pass Before the short by-pass was built in 1973, the main (turnpike) route from Portsmouth to Chichester went along West Street, High Street and Queen Street. A Trust member, Malcolm Walford, who has done very valuable work in indexing the Hampshire Telegraph, has been researching the history of this south coast turnpike. In 1973 there were compulsory purchase orders designed to produce the route of the short by-pass. Material Malcolm has passed to us is most useful as it deals with buildings demolished. These include Westgrove House, 7 West Street, Reeves Social Club and the front gardens of properties in West Street, part of the Hospital garden and part of Lillywhite's car park and Westgrove Gardens. R & S Morgan, Hon. Archivists � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1477 Title A name given to the resource Archivists' Report No. 41 Description An account of the resource Historic details of Emsworth roads and place names Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Morgan, R & S Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2010 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 16.02.2019 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1495-1993 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Bridge Road, Clovelly Road, New Brighton Road, St Peter's Square, Sweare Lane, field and place names, turnpike and by-pass, Emsworth Subject The topic of the resource by-pass, deeds, lane, farm, field, hotel, house, manor, public house, road, school, turnpike Modes Classified Name Additional information relating to the object map Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 42, Nov. 2010, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp. 4-5, EMHT1476 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/6fe1f954e058e4e9082038e151aa8b6f.docx f1bef788224b6ea21e94f13de458219d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1451 Title A name given to the resource Comfortable 1850 Vintage Accommodation in Havant Description An account of the resource Research into the significance of Thomas Wake's cottage engraving published by William Pink Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pugh, A. Clive Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 06.11.2018 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 19.11.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1840-1861 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Emsworth, Havant Subject The topic of the resource census, engraving, print, publishing Modes Classified Name Additional information relating to the object visual representation Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 50, Nov. 2018, editor Bury, Christine, pp.19-21, EMHT1442 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/d662ae3c40ea09a39418d7f3bad1472b.pdf 1f3fb2eac820d17fcd8c95d51b9d95d7 PDF Text Text Reward Crowns Effort A tale of a school magazine and threadbare football shirts by Stephen Miller It’s late 1951 and Emsworth County Primary School is still suffering from the aftershock of World War II. School funds are low and across the country rationing of many commodities is still in place. The school was attempting to relaunch its first post-war magazine The Emsworthian, but with the funding issues and the severe shortage of paper in the country, this seemed unlikely. In addition, the First Eleven soccer shirts which had been used since pre-war days were in a very sad condition and would not take to the field again. Tough times!! But tough times breed spirit and resourcefulness, and the school set about tackling the problems. Mr W C King, the school’s headmaster, picks up the story in an excerpt from the first postwar edition of The Emsworthian. “It is many years now since the School Magazine was published, and since publication momentous events have taken place, events which have unfortunately resulted in a scarcity of materials, more especially of paper. The scarcity of this particular commodity renders the attempt to revive our Magazine a decidedly hazardous venture. Indeed so unsatisfactory were the prospects, that the members of the Staff at the last Staff Meeting decided almost unanimously that the postponement of the attempt was advisable, and but for the most generous offer from friends, who must for the time be nameless, to print the first edition free of cost, we should have felt compelled to abide by the decision of the Staff. As it is, after some hesitation, we have agreed to proceed with the good work, but it must be emphasised that only the most enthusiastic support coupled with ready sales of the copies produced, will enable us to continue. ‘REWARD CROWNS EFFORT’ is to be our new School Motto. Let us hope that the success of our venture in reviving our School Magazine will prove that this motto has been well chosen. Good Luck to the new EMSWORTHIAN.’’ So, despite all the obstacles Mr King won the day and the magazine was duly published at Christmas in 1951. The resulting content provides us with another piece of the history of life and times of Emsworth and its residents. It included highly entertaining sections on 1 �• School Appointments (House Captains, Prefects and Monitors) • The four houses of the School – Ross, Nightingale, Cavell and Lister • Stories and Poems • Accounts of trips to the Festival of Britain and various Festival Singing Events • The Salvage Drive (to raise money for the First Eleven Football Team Shirts) • Class Notes (Forms VII and VIII – Boys) • Sports News and Results • Results from the Gosport Handicrafts Festival • Students’ Artworks So, The Emsworthian was published, but what happened about that little matter of the torn first eleven football shirts? This amusing extract from the magazine will help to explain and give an insight into the children, their humour and the background to life in Emsworth in the early 1950s. “THE SALVAGE DRIVE Early in the Term, two of our football shirts (bought pre-war second hand) ripped and proved unrepairable. In order that the First Eleven should be adequately clad in a manner befitting the school they represented, something drastic had to be done – and quickly. The hunt was on. No-one was safe – all cupboards were liable to search. The Headmaster at once locked all his record books up and put various small rolls of paper in a safe place under lock and key. Mr Brooks locked his car regularly and counted his tools in a manner not heretofore seen. The caretaker counted the desks and examined the roof daily. School exercise books were checked hourly lest they be sacrificed to the cause. Every morning from half past eight to nine, and from a quarter to one to one, queer processions could be seen staggering drunkenly towards the woodwork hut, the centre of operations. Some had sacks out of which they emptied books and magazines for sale, apples for sale, paper for waste, rags for waste, or conkers for sale. A pair of football boots realised 5/-. Small carts rolled up, some from even as far as Westbourne and Thorney Road. Parents and Parents of old students joined in the drive, and the pile grew. So did the money realised. Scenes in the Woodwork Hut were reminiscent of Charlotte Street at its worst. ‘’Roll hup!’’ ‘’Roll hup!’’ Comics three a penny! Dan Dares 1d. each! Books 6d., each! Conkers 20 for a 1d.! Apples 5d. a lb! “Roll hup!’’ ‘’Roll hup!’’ And while this was going on, Wooden and his gang were taking the waste-paper, weighing it, and putting it ready for collection. Alas, when the Sports Fund was examined, the kitty was bare. No decency there! Money must be got – but how? Various suggestions were made – from jumble sales to robbing banks or getting lead off the School roof and selling it for scrap. And then came the great idea! What about waste paper? So and so in North Street gives 1d. a lb. Someone else in Westbourne Avenue goes one better – 16/6d a cwt. – and so the idea grew. Not only waste paper, but waste magazines, waste books, rags, waste apples, waste conkers and waste what-have-you. Reward Crowns Effort. The School Motto of Emsworth County Primary School in 1951 Continued overleaf 2 �Reward Crowns Effort continued The article is anonymous but it does give us a clue as to who was behind the efforts. The chief stall holders were listed as – (Brian) Sperring, (Brian) Wingham, (Ivor) Stephens, (Gerald) Middleton, (Fred) Tickner, (Derek) Leggett, (Leonard) Dorey, (Peter) Ayling, Marie Cripps who acted as a ‘Fashion Expert’ and (Malcolm) Wooden who led the waste paper collections. Teaching Staff at Emsworth County Primary School in 1951. Back Row 1st Left – Mr Stokeley, 4th Left – Mr Reid, Middle Row 3rd from Left – Mr King, 4th from Left Mrs King, 5th from Left Mrs Le Fevre Three days after starting we had £6 and were well and truly launched. The following School Week – another five days – brought in another £13, and thus 8 working school days brought in a total of £19 – a gallant tribute to the unremitting work of so many all through the School. On the strength of the first three days the Shirts were immediately ordered. They have arrived and the First Eleven are resplendent in navy blue shirts with amber sleeves and collars. They look very smart indeed and now we wait for some wins with which to celebrate the wearing of such finery. The shirts came to £16-15-0, leaving us with a balance of £2-5-0. We hope to use this in the near future to purchase stockings to match, half the cost being borne by the team members themselves. Before closing may I thank all helpers and all who helped so energetically and practically in bringing so much cashable waste – £19 worth of it. On behalf of the First Eleven I would like to thank the two gallant Senior Girls, Doreen Lander and Josie Greer, who gave up so much of their spare time to knit a gloriously bright green jersey for the goalkeeper. My thanks also to the anonymous donor of the necessary wool.” The Christian names were not included in the article and therefore contain an element of guess work. I hope they are correct? Mr D G Stokeley reinforced the value of the content of the magazine in his editorial column. “The publication of this issue marks the re-creation of ‘’THE EMSWORTHIAN’’. The work in it is largely the work of children, and I would like to thank them for their contribution. I make no apology for the lack of adult literary style in the writing, which I claim is natural and expressive. As far as I know we are not blessed (or should I say cursed) with any budding genii in Emsworth County Primary School, but we have some four hundred happy, healthy, and sometimes naughty youngsters of whom we are proud.” Remember those football shirts? A sobering footnote appeared in The Emsworthian’s ‘Sports News and Results’ section. The score and an account (by Monty Reid) recording the maiden outing of the First Eleven in their resplendent new shirts appeared – Friday 19th October (1951):- School (Emsworth County Primary) v Westbourne Senior School at Emsworth Park – Lost 1-7 Possibly because we were wearing our new shirts for the first time, and the ground was a bit muddy, we were afraid of getting dirty, and played generally as if this were a drawing room game or some nursery play, in which one had to be careful not to wake the baby. 3 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1450 Title A name given to the resource Reward Crowns Effort Description An account of the resource A tale of a school magazine, The Emsworthian, and threadbare football shirts at Emsworth County Primary School Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Miller, Stephen Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 06.11.2018 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 19.11.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1951 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Emsworth Subject The topic of the resource football shirts, salvage drive, school magazine, school motto, shortages Modes Classified Name Additional information relating to the object book, garment Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 50, Nov. 2018, editor Bury, Christine, pp.16-18, EMHT1442 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/053147afb38d299d5963125cde18baca.pdf 9320eaf6b59911ffd00effc0b21d76c5 PDF Text Text Adventurous Lives: Emsworth’s Two Black Rods by Christine Bury Sir Brian Horrocks “During this lovely summer of 1959, day after day, I have sat at the window of our cottage in Emsworth writing (the first edition of my autobiography), while the sun shines down outside and in front of me lies a wide expanse of Chichester Harbour, stretching away to Hayling Island, covered with white, blue and yellow sails. I can see my own boat, a 16-ft. Emsworth One Design, bobbing about at her moorings. Eventually, I can stand it no more. I step on board, cock an eye at the weather, feel the wind and cast off. My little craft turns and heads out into the wider waters of the Harbour. The irritations and frustrations slip away. The only things that matter are the pulse of the restless sea coming to me through the tiller, and the chuckle and talk of the water against the sides of the boat. The enchantment lasts until the westering sun sends me reluctantly, in golden twilight or stormy sunset, back to the shore and the seaward end of the lane which leads to every day.” Extract from A Full Life. Reprinted by permission of Harper Collins Publishers Ltd © Lt. Gen. Sir Brian Horrocks, 1960 The ‘every day’ job to which Sir Brian refers was as Black Rod, a post which he held from 1949 until 1963. The cottage ‘window’ was at the bottom of Bath Road by the sailing club. Brian Gwynne Horrocks was born in India in September 1895 and after school at Uppingham entered the Royal Military College at Sandhurst in February 1913. A month before his 19th birthday, he was commissioned into the 1st Battalion of the Middlesex Regiment as a Second Lieutenant. His active war lasted just a few weeks for he was wounded and taken prisoner at the beginning of the battle for Ypres on 21st October 1914. Horrocks was incarcerated for four years and repeatedly tried to escape but to no avail. He became quite fluent in French and German. When transferred to a Russian officer’s camp, in the hope that the language barrier would deter him from escaping, he learnt Russian. the keys to an energetic and long life was the ability to relax and this took the form in the inter-war years of sports and marriage. On the outbreak of the 2nd World War Brian Horrocks was an instructor at Sandhurst, but rejoined his regiment in time for the retreat from Dunkirk. In March 1942 he was appointed to the 9th Armoured Division and sent to Egypt to command the Eighth Army’s XIII Corps. He took part in many operations during the North African Campaign and accepted the surrender of the Axis forces in May 1943. A month later Horrocks was severely wounded and underwent five operations and fourteen months in hospital before he was well enough to return to the front. He took command of XXX Corps at the Battle of Falaise Gap and led the land forces at the Battle of Arnhem and on into Germany. When hostilities ceased he was by the River Ems in north western Germany. After the war, Horrocks remained with the Army. He took up the modern pentathlon and was picked for the British Olympic team that contested the 1924 Paris Olympics. In later life he always maintained that one of Brian Horrocks retired from the Army in 1949 as a Lieutenant General and in the same year King George VI created him Knight Commander of the British Empire. He was subsequently appointed Black Rod. 1 �The Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod is an officer of the Order of the Garter and is best known for his role in the State Opening of Parliament when the Monarch addresses both Houses of Parliament. He is charged with summoning members of the House of Commons to gather in the House of Lords. The title, Black Rod, was created in 1350 and the name relates to the ebony staff of office. Sir Brian called his black court dress uniform ‘his romper suit’. Among the officer’s duties is responsibility for maintaining the services, building and security of the Palace of Westminster, to be present when the House of Lords is in session and to organize ceremonial events. Horrocks held this office for fourteen years. Following his retirement from the Army, Sir Brian wrote his autobiography as well as many other books and articles on military matters which led to a successful career as a radio broadcaster and television presenter. In 1977 he acted as military adviser for the film ‘A Bridge Too Far’ and was portrayed on screen by Edward Fox. He also became a director of the construction company, Bovis. He enjoyed many hobbies including golf but sailing offered ‘great contentment’. Sailing was one of the many pleasures he shared with his wife, Nancy but sadly he had to give it up at the age of 77. The Sir Brian Horrocks, right, presenting a trophy at Emsworth Sailing Club in 1978 couple married in April 1928. While living in Emsworth they also had a house in London but eventually moved to Somerset. Later, they returned to live in Sussex. Lt. Gen. Sir Brian Horrocks died in Fishbourne in January 1985, aged 89. Memories Pauline Marshall, EM&HT life member and daughter of Rene and Norman Boutell, knew him well and remembers Sir Brian taking her sailing. Sir Brian and his wife, Nancy, lived next door to the Boutell family. Bernie Gudge, EM&HT photo archivist, described him as a ‘lovely’ man. He recalls helping maintain Sir Brian’s outboard motor while an apprentice motor mechanic at Lillywhites Garage. Sir William Richard Scott Thomas Until 2002 the position of Black Rod rotated among retired senior officers from the three services. Emsworth has been privileged to have had two men living in the town who have held the office, the second being Admiral Sir William Richard Scott Thomas who lived in King Street. He joined the Royal Navy in 1951 and was given command of the destroyer HMS Troubridge in 1966. Richard Thomas saw action in the Second Cod War between the United Kingdom and Iceland in the 1970s. Following promotion to Captain, he helped develop the Polaris missile at the Ministry of Defence and commanded the Commando Assault Ship, HMS Fearless. After various staff appointments Thomas was appointed Admiral and became Deputy Supreme Allied Commander at Norfolk, Virginia in 1987. Before retirement in 1992 he was the UK military representative to NATO. Admiral Thomas served as Black Rod from 1992 to 1995 and died in 1998. 2 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1449 Title A name given to the resource Adventurous Lives: Emsworth's Two Black Rods Description An account of the resource The lives of Lt. Gen. Sir Brian Horrocks and Admiral Sir William Richard Scott Thomas Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bury, Christine Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 06.11.2018 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 19.11.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1895-1998 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Emsworth, Europe, Iceland, North Africa, Russia, United Kingdom, United States of America Subject The topic of the resource battle, Black Rod, NATO, Olympics, prisoner, sailing, ship, war Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 50, Nov. 2018, editor Bury, Christine, pp. 14-15, EMHT1442 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/817214b3a43e04eee2c08734c41bd01f.pdf 6b7b7207802aed1f5f2aba93f1862972 PDF Text Text Vietnamese Boat People – Extra by Phyllis Farnham Following the article by John Pointon on the Vietnamese Boat People on Thorney Island in the late 1970s, published in the 2017 bulletin, reader and long-time supporter Phyllis Farnham wrote to the EM&HT Hon. Sec. Dorothy Bone. The article stimulated more memories and we are grateful to Phyllis for permission to publish her letter. Thank you for the Museum magazine. It is always of interest to me, especially this month’s article about the ‘Boat People’. I remember them well. And especially their contribution to the monthly ‘Craft Fair’ in Emsworth. They did not sit about waiting for help, they got on and did things for themselves. One of which was to introduce us all to their cooking; we all fell for their tasty ‘chicken spring rolls’. Of course, nowadays, one can buy them at any supermarket, but they were new to us then, and became very sought after. We stall holders began arriving at the market earlier and earlier in order to make sure of our lunch. Another accomplishment of the ‘Boat People’ was making the padded jackets of their native land – again, very popular nowadays, but strange to us then. I remember they cost about £15 which was Basil and Phyllis Farnham quite a lot of money then but (the jackets) proved to be very warm and cosy. I believe Helen Barnard was instrumental in helping them get started. I know she asked for donations of sewing machines. We all had great admiration for these ‘Boat People’ who landed on our shores with nothing having been turned out of their country. But they soon put their talents to work. There must be other people in the village still who remember them…… 1 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1448 Title A name given to the resource Vietnamese Boat People - Extra Description An account of the resource Sequel to the article published in 2017. Further anecdotes about entrepreneur Vietnamese refugees Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Farnham, Phyllis Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 06.11.2018 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 19.11.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1970s Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Emsworth, Thorney Island Subject The topic of the resource food, sewing Modes Classified Name Additional information relating to the object garment Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 50, Nov. 2018, editor Bury, Christine, p.13, EMHT1442 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/accacfcf98b52e2d5fbb78a3fb8c2a18.pdf 444d1385f0114ca8934dc43d175035ad PDF Text Text Warblington Roman Villa – ten years of research by Trevor Davies The Chichester and District Archaeology Society (CDAS) has been researching, surveying and excavating the Roman villa site at Warblington since 2008. After ten years, it is timely to take stock and consider what has been achieved and what could still be achieved. The Warblington villa could be said to be hidden in plain sight. Very few people know of its existence, and fewer still know its exact location. The villa was originally discovered and documented by a Dr Gedge, a GP from Havant with a deep interest in archaeology. He probably found evidence of the villa by field walking just after the field had been ploughed (by agreement with Natural England, the field is no longer ploughed and is used only for silage). A report was published in The Proceedings of the Hampshire Field Club, and the location of the villa marked on Ordnance Survey maps. Apart from a test pit dug by a local school master John Reger in the 1960s, with a group of schoolboys, very little work has been done on the site. With the support of the farmer, Henry Young, who was one of John Reger’s original excavation team, CDAS started to undertake a geophysical survey of the field in 2008. Members had been trained to use geophysical survey equipment by Historic England’s outreach programme, and initially CDAS borrowed the equipment from them. As the years went on and with generous help from both the Chichester Harbour Conservancy and Chichester District Council, the society was able to acquire its own survey equipment. In the first year CDAS located the villa itself. Over the following three years volunteers from CDAS spent 150 man-days surveying the remainder of the field. The results show a complete Roman period villa complex (Figure 1). The villa is on the western side of a roughly square Figure 1 Results for the geophysics survey 2008 – 2011 1 �courtyard, facing a large aisled barn, with what are now known to be a high quality masonry house and a bathhouse on the south side of the courtyard. In the northeast corner are a group of buildings whose purpose is as yet unknown – it is possible that they are industrial and farm buildings. The north side has a ditch to protect it and would have faced the Roman road from Chichester (Noviomagus Reginorum) to Southampton (Clausentum). In 2010 CDAS started to excavate the villa. It quickly became apparent that the site had been badly damaged by ploughing. The villa floor had disappeared although there were literally thousands of terracotta tesserae in the plough soil. The flint and mortar foundations were substantial and still below ground. The dating evidence indicates that the villa was actively used during the 3rd and 4th centuries CE. While the results of this excavation were of general interest, they added little to the pool of knowledge of the Roman period in this area and so excavation in this part of the site was discontinued. In 2012 and again in 2013, CDAS returned to the site to examine the aisled building. This is slightly downhill from the villa and it was hoped that the remains would be less damaged. The remains of the foundations of the two walls and two rows of postholes were discovered. The downhill wall was built of flints and other stones, the uphill wall appeared as a beam slot. It was concluded that the flint wall had been used as a retaining wall to create a level platform on which a thatched, wood-framed three aisle building had been erected. Its structure was very similar to others that have been discovered in this area. The length of the barn is not absolutely clear, but it could be one of the longer barns so far discovered. Underneath the aisled barn a filled ditch containing pottery and amphora sherds dating to the 1st century BCE was discovered. These finds indicated that there had been high status activity on the Warblington site in the Late Iron Age. This conclusion reinforces Figure 2 Cist with two lead packages as discovered other local discoveries that point to this area being a vibrant, sophisticated economy before the Romans arrived. In 2014 and in 2015, the rectangular building to the south of the courtyard was investigated. This was very well built. Walls over a metre thick, some of which had been robbed; in the walls that remained, flints had been carefully selected and placed for maximum strength. The foundations suggested that this structure was better built than the villa itself. The building comprised a gabled central section with additional rooms on the eastern and western ends. It was roofed with Purbeck stone – the furthest east that this stone has been discovered in use as a Roman period roofing material. Some Horsham stone was also used but it is not clear whether this was at the same time, or at another time. The building was in use well into the 4th century CE. Underneath the floor level in the eastern room a small stone cist (box) containing two lead packages was discovered (Figure 2). This discovery is unique in Roman Britain. After extensive analysis at University College, London, the contents remain a mystery and there are no inscriptions. The stone box was made from Bembridge Limestone, blocks of which have been found elsewhere on site. The lead came from the mines in the Mendip Hills and had been previously used for an unknown application. The exact significance Continued overleaf 2 �Warblington Roman Villa – ten years of research continued of this unique find is sadly unclear. The weight of evidence would seem to indicate that the cist and its contents were deposited to achieve some magical benefit. Most recently in 2016, 2017 and 2018, another well-constructed building on the south side of the courtyard has been examined. All the evidence points to this structure being a bathhouse, or possibly a heated suite of rooms. The walls are over a metre thick and faced with limestone and lined with painted plaster. The roof was probably vaulted, constructed with voussoir hollow tiles and plastered. It was separated from the adjoining buildings by narrow passageways. There is evidence of a well to the rear of the building. The concrete floor that forms the base of the hypocaust has Roman period wall plaster in its foundations, so this appears to be at least the second hypocaust building constructed in the same location. In previous years, the dating evidence shows that this building was also in use up to the mid/late 4th century CE. In 2018, rare pottery was discovered that indicated activity on this site extended into the early 5th century. At the outset, little was known about Warblington Roman villa. After ten year’s work, it is taking its place in our understanding of the prosperous environment in Southeast Britannia immediately before and during the Roman occupation. There are still major questions unanswered. Where did the workers who supported the villa infrastructure live? How did the owners of the villa make their money? What was the purpose of the group of buildings to the north east of the site? Artefacts from the excavations are now housed in a permanent exhibition at Emsworth Museum, which is open during the summer months from 10.30 am to 4.30 pm on Saturdays and from 2.30 pm to 4.30 pm on Sundays – more details on www. emsworthmuseum.org.uk . Further information can be found about the Warblington project and others in which the Chichester and District Archaeology Society is involved on their website www.cdas.info . 3 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1447 Title A name given to the resource Warblington Roman Villa Description An account of the resource Ten years of excavation on site by Chichester and District Archaeology Society Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Davies, Trevor Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 06.11.2018 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 19.11.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 2008-2018 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Emsworth, Warblington Subject The topic of the resource aisled barn, bathhouse, cist, excavation, field walking, hypocaust, report, survey, villa Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 50, Nov. 2018, editor Bury, Christine, pp.10-12, EMHT1442 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/6c662c355d567cae50566e60d505d434.pdf a4bb3449403fe72ea6c57a090e6e48dd PDF Text Text The 1851 Religious Census by Neil Spurgeon There were many places in the vicinity that people could visit for a church service in the early Victorian era and just how many did, and where they went, makes fascinating study. In total roughly two thirds of the almost 1800 people who lived in Emsworth and more than half of Havant’s 2200 poulation went to one church or another on the second Sunday after Easter, just one month before the Crystal Palace opened for the Great Exhibition in Hyde Park, an even greater draw for the crowds. St Peter’s Proprietary Chapel built in 1789 Following more than a century of steadily decreasing interest in religion but with sharp divisions in those who did subscribe to religious practice in Britain, Parliament decided that all ministers of religion would be asked to report the number of their congregations on the last Sunday in March 1851 to the national authorities. These numbers were intended to augment the national census of population being collected at the same time. The middle of the nineteenth century was a period when the indifference of about a third of the ordinary working people of Britain towards religion was contrasted sharply by fierce arguments in intellectual and academic circles as to the form that religious practice should take. On one hand, the Tractarian Oxford Fathers, based at Oriel College at Oxford, initially led by John Keble, the Vicar of the University Church, and later by Edward Pusey, had been arguing for a decade or more to bring some of the colour, theatre and richness of the Catholic Mass into the somewhat staid Church of England. At the other extreme, evangelicals (such as Thomas Arnold, former headmaster of the influential public school at Rugby) encouraged by more than a century of independent, radical concentration upon biblical teaching, argued for a broader church offering a more personal type of worship. And where did these people go for their services and how wide were the options available to them? There was a surprisingly wide range of types of service on offer. In Emsworth itself there were four religious buildings immediately to hand, across three denominations, plus many more if one chose to travel a little further. The wealthier members of the town’s Church of England (or Anglican) congregation, a majority as this was the established or ‘official’ church, were most likely to attend St Peter’s Chapel in The Square and all 200 paid for pews were reportedly filled on that census morning. For Anglicans with less disposable income, the larger and much newer St James’ Church, barely a decade old, was crammed with a reported congregation of 556 including a considerable number of ‘free’ seats. Baptist Church, North Street in 1895 1 �The Independent flock in the local area was well catered for under the watchful eye of the redoubtable Reverend William Scamp, the significant evangelising minister in Havant, who had planted a new independent chapel in Nile Street in 1808. On Census Day 100 people chose to attend the service there. That building closed in 1864 when a larger chapel was erected in Bath Road. Meanwhile the even newer Baptist congregation, which just six years before had managed only 23 subscribers for the Zion Chapel building in North Street, completed in 1848, had grown considerably in the interim and at the census an attendance of 245 was reported, almost certainly doubly counting some people at two or more services. many only visited once a month or so having such a long way to travel, the congregation of 50 on Census Day is probably accurate. In Havant town, the parish church of St Faith had a reported congregation of 810 which almost certainly includes many children at the special Sunday School in the Pallant, where the Rev. Scamp preached to 204 people across the two services held that day, with doubtless many attending both meetings. Also in the town a small group of 60 followers of John Wesley but not yet formally known as Methodists, met in house groups. Some parishioners and especially Anglicans of a more catholic mindset took themselves across the fields to St Thomas à Becket at Warblington where, given a local population of 479, a goodly turnout of 194 was recorded. Because of the history of the parish, whose castle had housed Blessèd Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury, the last of the Plantagenet dynasty, there was a considerable Roman Catholic presence in this area although they tended to keep well hidden, which, given long centuries of persecution until the Catholic Emancipation Act of 1829, is not surprising. After a period in the quiet backwater of Hayling Island, in 1750 the Catholics of southern Hampshire had emerged and developed a mission chapel dedicated to St Joseph, within a couple of cottages at Brockhampton Lane in Havant. Father John Kearns was the parish priest here for an area that extended beyond Chichester to the east, Fareham in the west and included Portsea, Hayling and Thorney Island, all of which had some recusant Catholic families. Unusually, the St Joseph’s Chapel held three services each Sunday and a daily Mass; most churches had a single service or at most two per week. The times of these services remained hidden until well into the twentieth century and while it is known that over 200 Catholics were associated with the mission in 1814, since Travelling preacher visits Emsworth in 1908 So what have we learned from this unique religious census? Generally, that despite, the interest in scientific discovery at this period, just eight years before Darwin’s Origin of Species was published, between a half and two thirds of the local population were regular church attendees. It was still considered a suitable, even expected place to network with one’s peers and betters, although many working people felt they could with impunity not attend if they so wished. It also provoked some controversy both in Parliament and in the county with, for example, the verger at Titchfield Church refusing point blank to count the congregation, and perhaps for these reasons the exercise has never been repeated. As Queen Elizabeth I put it, it is perhaps better not to “make windows into men’s souls”, nor check their church attendance too closely. 2 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1446 Title A name given to the resource The 1851 Religious Census Description An account of the resource Response of local parishioners and churchmen to the only religious census undertaken in Victorian times Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Spurgeon, Neil Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 06.11.2018 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 19.11.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1851 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Emsworth, Havant, Titchfield, Warblington Subject The topic of the resource census, religious practice Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 50, Nov. 2018, editor Bury, Christine, pp.8-9, EMHT1442 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/37026e49d072fec2f07a5b32e0a0254b.pdf 232a141bc9ef4781962b067fd9649f41 PDF Text Text A King John Era Town by Bob Smyth Emsworth is one of England’s best examples of a post-Norman planned new town. The Normans and their Plantagenet successors were energetic new town planners. In the lee of their castles, great lords laid out towns which grew into cities. Lesser lords of the manor laid out smaller townships to increase their income, adding markets to stimulate trade. Chichester Harbour’s original south-west settlement was at Warblington, active in Roman and Saxon times. The 1100s global fall in sea level (which created Calais across the channel) left the Warblington channel too shallow for boats. It also left a narrow gravel ridge between the previously inundated River Ems and Westbrook streams (the high tide limit then almost reaching Westbourne) suitable for building. Settlement beginning in King John’s reign (1199-1216) was confirmed by his son Henry III (1216-72) in a 1231 charter mentioning Emelesworth. A subsequent 1239 charter to lord of the manor Herbert Fitzherbert allowed the holding of a market every Wednesday. In these years, Fitzherbert laid out his township around a T-junction with South Street leading to the Quay, allowing a central triangle (The Square) for animal and produce trading. Following the Normandy pattern, narrow, uniform building strips were demarcated on the street frontages. Known as burgage plots (from the burh(g) word for town), they allowed for a 13 ft shop frontage with integral side alley allowing access to a rear courtyard with stores and workshops. Most alleyways are today visible as front doors, but some survive as at Citrus Flowers and Heidi’s Patisserie. These 13-foot proportions are visible today even in ‘modern’ rebuilding such as the Damar Hairdresser’s parade. 1 �Copy of 1838 Tithe Map of Emsworth hand drawn by Tony Yoward. Burgage plots are characterised, as can be seen here, by long narrow strips of land with shop fronts facing the street On the north parade, the former Hutchin’s premises have reverted to the two original shops with their alleys merged to form the entrance. The corner with Queen Street preserves the layout, with a sequence of street-fronting properties running round to a covered alleyway. Another vestige is in gable-end pitched roofs only one burgage plot wide, resembling what would have been the originals at lower levels. The most visible is the side building of the Rowans Hospice shop in South Street. Another peeps above the Georgian façade of The Crown Hotel to the (viewer’s) right of the building. A map in A J C Reger’s book A Short History of Emsworth and Warblington shows the approximate extent of the planned layout. It runs along the High Street from the West Street junction with North Street round to the top of what used to be Dolphin Hill (now Queen Street). On the south it runs round The Square, past Tower Street and along Sw(e)are Lane (now King Street). The large (for its time) settlement flourished, as it could hardly fail to do in such a beneficial location. Straddling the main South Coast road, its sea access provided fishing, import and export trading, and ship building. With comparatively little redevelopment over the centuries, Emsworth demonstrates its growth through individual buildings and sequences. And the centre remains much older than it looks with ancient pitched roofs hiding behind Georgian facades and their cosmetic parapets, as with the Emsworth Hardware and Emsworth Travel blocks on one side of the High Street and the Crown Hotel on the other. The planned town’s layout can be seen on maps viewable on the historicengland.org.uk website. 2 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1445 Title A name given to the resource A King John Era Town Description An account of the resource Planned layout of the medieval settlement of Emsworth vestiges of which still remain today Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Smyth, Bob Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 06.11.2018 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 19.11.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant c1200 to present Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Emsworth Subject The topic of the resource burgage, Tithe Map, town plan Modes Classified Name Additional information relating to the object map Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 50, Nov. 2018, editor Bury, Christine, pp.6-7, EMHT1442 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/dc40e3b21d9ea46db579a8acacdf1287.pdf 7898858124dda6ff9d0627a6a2b0c461 PDF Text Text Creating a WW1 Exhibition by Robert A. Duncan Bob’s WW1 exhibition in the David Rudkin Room ran from 6th October to 11th November to coincide with the 100th anniversary of the Armistice. Sadly, Bob died on the 5th of August 2018 before the exhibition was staged but not before he had written this article for The Emsworth Echo. Thanks to Bob’s thorough research and to the hard work of his family and Richard Sanderson the exhibition was mounted and proved to be a great success. When I started on the World War One exhibition research, I assumed that as there had been so much written about the war, that the task would be fairly simple. Of course doing it for the Emsworth Museum meant that it had to be relevant to Emsworth, and those from Emsworth that had served, as well as trying to cover the extent of the war in Europe, far off lands and on the seas. The first problem was to decide the limits of Emsworth. Many of those killed lived in Hermitage which is technically not even in Hampshire, but most were related to Emsworth families. Some in Westbourne are related but are on separate memorial plaques, as are some in Warblington, Thorney and Hayling. I concluded that if the name appeared on an Emsworth Roll of Honour then they must be included. If, for this reason, any that should be included are missing, I apologise. The next problem was to plan the four plus years of war on to just ten display boards in some sensible order, and hopefully with interesting content, pictures, maps etc. For example, what on earth can anyone say about the five months of slaughter on the Somme in 1916 that is new, interesting and worth reading, and a tribute to around 24 Emsworth residents who lost their lives in this seemingly pointless conflict. Born less than eight years after the end of World War 1, I don’t remember anyone ever wanting to talk about it. My father served from 1915 to 1919 in the 2nd Battalion Civil Service Rifles and he never mentioned the war or his time in it, other than to joke about the time he was employed in a de-lousing squad, de-lousing returning troops in France while waiting to be demobilized himself. Never anything about battles; I think it was too painful a subject to talk about. One of the display items in the cabinets will, I hope, be a copy of a postcard from him from Jerusalem (31st December 1917), together with a very delicate book of pictures and pressed flowers sent by him from there to his future wife; my mother. On the first board I have tried to explain the conditions for the average working family in 1914, in case the younger generations aren’t aware of what normal life was like at home in those pre-war days. Very few homes had gas, let alone electricity. People still cooked on the old coal fired range and, of course, only had outside toilets. This board also covers what led up to the declaration of war, politics and specific events and preparations. The second board covers the early battles, and rather heavy losses, during the first five months of the war. Emsworth lost some 26 people during this time, the first Emsworth person to be killed being the son of Lord and Lady White of Southleigh Park. Most of the other 1914 losses were at sea and, apart from the Battle of Coronel where seven Emsworth people lost their lives, due largely to U boat activity. The complete lack of understanding of the dangers of submarine warfare among senior naval officers resulted Continued overleaf 1 �Creating a WW1 Exhibition continued in many ships being put in unnecessary danger, costing in total over 2000 lives. Another early life lost from Emsworth remained a mystery for 103 years, until the submarine in which the sailor was serving was discovered in 2017 off the coast of Papua New Guinea. The following boards cover the battles fought during the ensuing years from 1915 to 1918, both on land and at sea, focusing particularly on those actions that resulted in the loss of Emsworth men. Richard Sanderson is kindly preparing board four, covering the Gallipoli campaign and the war in Palestine and Mesopotamia, as well as board five, The Battle of Jutland, where some 14 Emsworth residents died. My daughter, Jane Kidd, has assisted me greatly in the preparation of the remaining boards and displays. Our aim was to cover the major European battles of Ypres, the Somme, Arras, Cambrai, Passchendaele, Amiens and others; the U boat war and air warfare. We also want to highlight some of the key advancements in medicine, telecommunications and armaments, which came out of the war and the many diverse roles that women played in enabling the war effort. The final board will reflect the statistics of the war and its effect on the world in general, together with some events and latent deaths of Emsworth people that occurred in 1919. This board will also include the ‘Others’ who played a critical role in winning the war. We often forget that the fighting forces were supported by horses and mules (most of the local horses from Emsworth and the environs being requisitioned by the army in 1914) as well as dogs and homing pigeons, all of which played a key part. 2 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1444 Title A name given to the resource Creating a WW1 Exhibition Description An account of the resource Criteria used when choosing material for an exhibition honouring the Emsworth men who died as a result of the world war Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Duncan, Robert A. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 06.11.2018 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 19.11.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914-1919 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Emsworth, Europe, Gallipoli, Hermitage, Jerusalem, Mesopotamia, Palestine Subject The topic of the resource air warfare, animals, communications, land battles, medicine, naval battles Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 50, Nov. 2018, editor Bury, Christine, pp.5-6, EMHT1442 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/dfabd211907d76833c4bd9dc56d63ed6.pdf 11df650afcb02bc9d2209f3df9cd1b92 PDF Text Text Thirtieth Anniversary and Accreditation Renewal by Dorothy Bone This year Emsworth Museum reached a very important milestone. It is thirty years since the Earl of Bessborough (the Trust’s first President) unveiled a brass plaque officially declaring the Museum open to the public. The plaque, which is now displayed in the Archive Room, is mounted on timber salvaged from J D Foster’s fishing boat Echo. A commentary on the event was recorded by Keith Stoneman and several days later Michael Kennett and son Richard rented a video recorder (how technology has changed) and took a snapshot of the town. The Earl of Bessborough opening the new Museum on 29th July 1988 David Rudkin, Founder of Emsworth Maritime and Historical Trust, grew up in Thorney Road and watched the fishing boats sailing in and out of the harbour. Much later when he returned to the area he saw Echo 2 lying unfinished and rotting in the mud alongside the Ark and dreamed that he might be able to salvage and preserve it. In 1975, he and a group of friends joined together and formed the Emsworth Maritime Trust with the intention of rescuing the boat and establishing a maritime museum. The group consisted of David as Chairman; Arthur Rule, Vice-Chairman; John Saunders, Treasurer and Terry Warrick, Secretary. John Glanville was appointed legal advisor. In 1978 the project was abandoned because of a lack of funds: Chichester Harbour Conservancy declared the wreck to be a danger to navigation and work began to remove it and the old Ark. Gradually David gathered together various artefacts and historical documents with the object of establishing a museum which would also include local history. The name of the Trust was changed to Emsworth Maritime and Historical Trust and the search for premises began. This was a very lengthy process and to maintain an interest in the project several exhibitions were held in the South Street Centre (now Hewitt’s). Eventually Havant Borough Council offered the lease (initially for three years) of the rooms above the Fire Station and the document was signed in the Council Offices on Wednesday, 9th December 1987. From left to right: Johnnie Rutherford (the first administrator), Sybil Jaques, Mayoress of Havant and Lady Bessborough on opening day In the February 1988 issue of The Emsworth Echo David Rudkin wrote “After fourteen years of vision, advertising and searching, hopes and disappointments but unrelenting persistence, the Trust is on the threshold of its deserved reward. Before very long the Emsworth Museum will be opened, and this worthy old town will be enriched with a repository of cultural and educational value and interest”. Continued overleaf 1 �30th Anniversary and Accreditation Renewal continued Then the work began to raise funds and prepare the rooms for the opening. In 1994, six years after opening, Emsworth Museum became a Registered Museum and was given the registration number 524 by the Museums and Galleries Commission. The next stage was to apply for accreditation and in 2008 the MLA (Museums, Libraries and Archive Council) granted provisional accreditation and this was followed by full accreditation in 2013. After extensive form filling, completing questionnaires, preparing and writing a variety of documents and policies during the last quarter of 2017, the Emsworth Museum’s application for renewal of its accreditation status was approved by Arts David Rudkin in 1994 with his newly published Council England in July. This confirms that WW1 booklet. Picture: The News, Portsmouth Emsworth Museum continues to meet Over the years the Museum has gone through a number of changes but it continues to provide a home for artefacts, memorabilia, photographs and documents that would otherwise have been lost or destroyed. nationally agreed standards of management, documentation and care for the collections it holds. For a small independent museum run by volunteers this is a great achievement and we are very pleased that our efforts have again been rewarded. The work was challenging but the end result is very On 29th July 2013 Dr Margaret Rule visited to satisfying. This award of One important feature full accreditation is valid for help us celebrate the 25th that hasn’t changed is the approximately three years at aaiodikvssinnnuusaaondltiltewibgobsvreiarelutessmirtkdldsioikbagnwtfeerehaiyrhaatalahliotntnnahftaddoghetnewhetarhisemeobM.eanooaulfrpzt–aishiençnetngaoghudifeamnsentgodriesvatoscohivcseietsiemiortuoffulrtatlshtheaerenedadstucatdwhthiiysreetpsSlhrlcaeteoyenemetwdowiapinanrlgdotohsffeawtcATcRoohccehrncepciertcercdeihopnedivttutriaiiitteodmtaifniettoiecoioAneawcvnrtioeeisedSampaetw.arnnpoinnlclluydeobdawutelrhnyidtiacn.hitvntwighteeed Even with the increasing use of computers the Trust has been able to retain David Rudkin’s original wish for the Museum to illustrate the history of Emsworth in an attractive and informative way, and to be relevant and accessible to all members of the community. Gradually the records, documents and photographs are being digitised so that everything will soon be readily and quickly available to researchers and visitors – but one important feature that hasn’t changed is the cheerful and welcoming voice of the duty Stewards as visitors reach the top of the stairs. L to R: Clive Pugh (see article p19), Dorothy Bone (EM&HT Hon. Sec.) and Tony Stimson (former EM&HT chairman). Picture: Wendy Bright 2 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1443 Title A name given to the resource Thirtieth Anniversary and Accreditation Renewal Description An account of the resource Celebrating the opening of the Museum on 29th July 1988 coupled with renewal of accreditation sattus in 2018 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bone, Dorothy Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 06.11.2018 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 19.11.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1988-2018 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Emsworth Subject The topic of the resource anniversary, Museum opening, Trust Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No 50, Nov. 2018, editor Bury, Christine, pp.3-4, EMHT1442 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/a041e8c098cb8cbb54b4abf93607d299.pdf 9f7a7631d7f6119e478a7b6825b2ecb1 PDF Text Text Our Emsworth Gas Holder You either love it or hate it but you certainly cannot ignore it when it is ‘up’. But it must never be called a Gasometer, as only cricket commentators are allowed this technological inexactitude. The gasholder was invented by Lavoisier in 1782; it was simply a metal bell inverted in a tank of water. It was thought dangerous to store gas because of the fear of explosion and in the early 1800s the surplus was just discharged into the air! In 1813 it was recommended by the Royal Society that gasholders should be limited to 6,000 cubic feet capacity and should be surrounded by walls. The idea was soon abandoned when it was realised that every brick in a wall would become a missile in the event of an explosion. In the 1820s large canvas bags were tried as a means for storing gas but this was not a success due to the ease with which they caught fire. The first telescopic holder in this country was erected in Leeds in 1826; a water seal was used to make the joint gas tight. It was an enormous cylindrical tank which floated in a large cistern of water and rose and fell according to the amount of gas it contained. This type was supported by columns which guided the holder as it rose. A very fine example being the one that used to be at Rudmore, Portsmouth, which had splendid cast iron columns and was a beautiful example of Victorian engineering. The spiral holder was invented in 1888. This worked by each section rising and being supported on a form of screw thread fixed to the tank. It became the generally accepted design. In 1916 the Germans invented a gas holder which did not require a water tank. These appeared in Britain in 1925. They consisted of an outer shell containing a large “piston”, sealed by “flowing tar”, which rose and fell with the gas content. This action however cannot be seen as the structure itself remains the same size. There is an example of this type at Bognor Regis. The very latest type of gas holder can be seen at Chichester beside the by-pass. It was formed of long sausage shaped metal cylinders lying horizontally on the ground. It is understood that this type has not been very successful. Town gas consisted of a mixture of several gases. mainly hydrogen and methane, and was produced by heating coal in closed vessels, out of contact with the air, and collecting the gas and the liquors produced. Natural gas replaced town gas in 1970 but the old holders are still retained for storage. When a survey was taken in Emsworth in the early 1980s a majority considered the gasholder to be an eyesore but far fewer people thought that it should be removed. Have a closer look at it some time. It is a fine piece of engineering; and next year it will be 78 years since it was first commissioned. It represents one of the few historic industrial artefacts relics remaining in Emsworth recalling when Emsworth had its own gas works and made its own gas from coal. Because of the continued development in the Emsworth and Havant areas, and the necessity of obtaining the constant pressure of gas in the growing district, the Gas Company directors had for �some time contemplated the erection of a gas holder at Emsworth. Specifications were, accordingly, prepared and tenders invited early in 1933. The successful contractors were Messrs’ Robert Dempster and Sons Limited of Yelland, Yorkshire, a very old and established firm with considerable experience in this particular type of work. The new gas holder was to be built on the site of the disused gas works. It was of modern design, being what is known as the “spiral guided” type and for the present requirements was fitted with two lifts, provision having been made for a third to be added when the necessity arose. A series of trial holes were made to determine the nature of the subsoil which proved entirely unsuitable for the slab foundation required. It became necessary to pile the site using the “Vibro” system of piles cast in situ. A l6 inch diameter steel tube was driven to the ground by a 21 ton steam piling hammer until the required resistance was found. A cage of reinforcement was then lowered into the tube and the latter filled with concrete. The tube was then withdrawn in short jerks and this has the effect of ramming down the concrete and completely filling the hole made by the tube. It also gives a corrugated effect to the side of the pile which adds to its bearing value. Altogether 396 piles were driven about 30 feet into the ground. Having a diameter of about 150 feet, the circular slab of concrete on which the holder rests was seven inches thick at the centre, increasing to one foot eight inches at the edge. The importance of this foundation work was evident when it was realised that the total weight of the holder, including over 16,000 tons of water in the tank, was at least 17,000 tons. No framing was required to support this type of holder, the whole of the stresses being taken up by the guide rails and carriages. This effected a large saving in materials and labour, compared with the old “column guided” type. The work found employment for an average of 20 men daily, of which 14 were local. Gas was to be supplied to the holder from the Hilsea Gas works at Portsmouth by a 15 inch diameter trunk main, a distance of about nine miles, to be delivered at a pressure of approximately l2 inch water gauge, to overcome the resistance of the holder. The pipes leading into and out of the holder were 20 inch diameter. Adjacent to the holder was the Governor House, in which is housed the governor for controlling the pressure of the gas, ensuring a satisfactory and even supply to all customers in the district. An instrument panel was also provided in the same building, having pressure gauges and recorders connected various parts of the distribution system. Our gasholder was manufactured by Messrs Robert Dempster at their factory in Yorkshire works and each plate was numbered to show its construction position. lt was then dismantled and the plates transported by rail to Emsworth station where they were then carted to the site by Messrs Lashley of Westbourne. The gasholder is an enormous cylindrical tank which floats in a large cistern of water (a steel tank above ground, 150 ft. diameter and 33 ft. deep, with two spirally guided lifts) and rises and falls according to the amount of gas it contains. �The gas holder was built on piles, which were sunk using a hydraulic pile-driver. The steel piles were then, filled with cement and the steel tube was withdrawn leaving the concrete pile in position. The new gas holder at the Emsworth Gas Works was commissioned on 31st July 1934 by John Lewis, J.P., chairman of the Havant and Waterloo U.D.C. in the presence of a representative gathering which included Sir Harold and Lady Pink (Lord Mayor and Lady Mayoress of Portsmouth), Mr. T.H.F. Lapthorn, J.P. (Chairman of the Portsmouth Gas Company), several directors and officials of the company and a number of local councillors, business and professional residents and their wives. Councillor Lewis said he had a special desire to participate in this ceremony as he was present at the closing down of the old Emsworth Gasworks in 1927, when the Portsmouth Gas Company took over Emsworth Gas Works, and so had very great pleasure in turning the valve and in wishing the undertaking every success. He mentioned that since then there had been an increase of over 130 per cent in the consumption of gas in the district, and this meant that the mains at Hilsea had been taxed to their utmost capacity, so that a new gas-holder at Emsworth became a necessity. The party then inspected the works and the gas-holder, several of the visitors mounting the stairways and viewing the new erection from aloft. Afterwards the party adjourned to the Church Hall where a palatable tea was served. Later Mr. Lapthorn rose and said that Councillor Lewis had told them how sad he felt when he closed the old Emsworth gas works six or seven years ago, so the Portsmouth Gas Company thought the least they could do was to return thanks to him for his kindness in opening the new works that afternoon, and to ask him to accept a silver salver, suitably inscribed, as a memento of the occasion. A third spiral lift was added in 1946 to the gas holder increasing its capacity to 1,525,000 cu. ft. 1993: At about 10pm on Thursday 13 May 1993 a Group 4 security van doing a routine check in Palmers Road discovered two suspicious looking packages close to the gasholder. Police were called and 50 households, about 160 people, were evacuated and the area sealed off by the police. People were accommodated in the St James Church Hall and the Cottage Hospital. Bomb disposal experts examined the parcels and found them to be hoax objects. It was not until after 4.30am in the morning that the residents were allowed to return to their homes. One of those evacuated was my Great-Aunt, Mrs Marjery Parsons. Jane and Tony Yoward NB Eight construction photographs accompany this text but are not printed here. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1416 Title A name given to the resource Our Emsworth Gas Holder Description An account of the resource History of the development of the gas holder, particularly as it relates to Emsworth. Printed text includes 8 construction photographs. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Yoward, Jane and Tony Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2011 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 09.09.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1782 to 1993 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Emsworth, Portsmouth Subject The topic of the resource bomb disposal, construction, gas holder, town gas Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 43, November 2011, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.16-19, EMHT1410 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/c6215cd987c8f75c1b112015f9b83b76.pdf 02f81ee2f1ee0caa152d48e47ef9ab84 PDF Text Text The Agricultural Riots of 1830 By the end of the eighteenth century, bread and cheese had become, in many southern counties of England, the staple diet of the labourer. They seldom ate meat, although many grew potatoes and greens in their cottage gardens to supplement the family diet. Owing to the high prices resulting from the wars with France, and the low wages paid to farm workers, there was a very real threat of starvation for the rural poor. It was in order to avert this that the Berkshire magistrates met at Speenhamland, just north of Newbury, in May 1795, to fix and enforce a minimum wage for the county in relation to the price of bread. Unfortunately, the magistrates were persuaded not to enforce the raising of wages, but to supplement wages out of the parish rate. This was a cause of additional resentment among the labourers, because it meant that a man in full employment was unable to earn a living wage to support his family, but was forced to accept the indignity of being classified as a pauper. However, the Speenhamland System was adopted by the magistrates throughout the rural counties of southern England. After the end of the Napoleonic Wars, statistics show the agricultural labourer to have been no worse off in 1824 than he had been thirty years before, but these figures represent an average taken of the country as a whole. In the rural south, away from the wage competition of the factories and mines, the standard of life of the agricultural labourer had declined to a marked extent. In 1832 William Cobbett recorded that Durham miners earned 24s. a week plus house, fuel and doctoring free, and remarked ‘Theirs is not a life of ease to be sure, but it is not a life of hunger’. In contrast, even by 1872 agricultural labourers earned nine or ten shillings a week, with carters and shepherds getting a few shillings more, out of which they had to pay a shilling a week for their cottages; theirs was a life of hunger. In A History of Everyday Things in England 1733-1942, the authors recorded a talk they had had with an old farmer, whose father had been an agricultural labourer: His mother thought she would eke out the flour for bread making by adding barley meal. When she went to the oven to see the result of her experiment, she found that all the loaves had run into one large cake. This was so much of a tragedy that she sat down and wept, and then her husband came in. He went into the garden and got his spade and washed it, and then he cut the cake of bread out of the oven. “Well”, we asked the old farmer, “did you eat it?” “Eat it!” he replied. “I should think we did. Why, we were so hungry in those days we very nearly ate one another.” The resentment among the labouring country people erupted in disturbances in various parts of the country as early as 1799. By 1830 there were serious riots in protest against enclosures, low wages and the farm machines which were felt to be keeping people out of work. From Wiltshire to Sussex, gangs of men cut down fences, destroyed machinery, and burnt down ricks and barns. Most of the attacks were preceded by threatening letters, many �signed by ‘Captain Swing’. One characteristic letter, quoted in Christopher Hibbert’s The English, A Social History 1066-1945, said, This is to inform you what you have to undergo gentelmen if providing you Don’t pull down your inesshenes and rise the poor men’s wages the married men give two and sixpence a day the single two shillings or we will burn down you barns and you in them this is the last notis.… Simple mechanical threshers, which were a particular target for the rioters, were developed in the 18th century, and by the 19th century they were coming into general use, although they were still very simple. The threshing machines were worked by horse power, and were said to have threshed 60 bushels of corn per hour. In November 1830 the violence spread to Havant, Emsworth and Westbourne. A mob of labourers congregated in Westbourne, and went from farm to farm destroying threshing machines and setting fire to ricks. On Thursday 18th November, the news reached Havant that ‘a large body of men, armed with sledge hammers, cross-cut saws and large club sticks were in the yard of Mr. Gawan Holloway at Emsworth, cutting and knocking his threshing machine to pieces, and that they meant to destroy all other machines in the neighbourhood’. A Havant magistrate, Captain Leeke, rode to Emsworth to confront the mob, which now numbered at least 30. The rioters would not listen to him but went on to four other farms, at one of which they stole pork and beer. Captain Leeke returned to Havant and with fellow magistrate, Sir John Lee of Bedhampton, contacted the Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth, asking for assistance. A hundred men of the 47th Regiment, under the command of Captain Dazell, marched to Cosham to await orders. Special Constables were sworn in before the magistrates in Havant, and warrants were issued for the arrest of the ringleaders. News was received that the ringleaders were in a beershop in Westbourne and a party of men headed by the two magistrates broke down the door and, after some resistance, arrested 11 men, two of whom later escaped. The use of local yeomanry to put down riots was usual, and in some cases there was loss of life in the resulting clashes. Near Salisbury on 25th December, the mob of labourers fought troops with bludgeons, bars, hatchets, pick-exes and hammers; the yeomanry, of course, had muskets. One man was killed, several others were wounded and 25 arrested. On the whole, though, the destruction and arson were carried on without bloodshed, though men who would not join the rioting were thrown into the village pond. It was felt by the authorities that local magistrates might be too soft on the offenders. At a hearing held before a Special Commission in Winchester, 298 men were sentenced at Winchester Assizes, the usual punishment being transportation for a fixed period of years, or for life (in other areas the death penalty was used). Among those sentenced to be �transported to Van Dieman’s Land, Tasmania, on board the Eliza, was James Ford, 19, described as carter/groom, native place, Havant. He was charged with ‘having on l8th November at Havant, broken a threshing machine belonging to Sarah Holloway and others’. He was sentenced to be transported for seven years and was received on board the prison hulk York in Portsmouth harbour to await transportation. A petition sent from the ‘inhabitants of Havant’ to Lord Melbourne on 3rd January 1831 stated that although James Ford took part in the riots at Emsworth, he was well known to the petitioners as a sober, honest and industrious individual. ln spite of this petition, he was transported: he received a Free Pardon on 3rd February 1836. William Jenman, a farm labourer aged 21, was also convicted of destroying a threshing machine, ‘property of Sarah Holloway, Joseph Freeland and David Walker’, and was sentenced to be transported for seven years. He, too, received a Free Pardon in 1836. George Jenman, aged 20, presumably the brother of William. was charged with having, on 18th November, at the parish of Warblington, with divers other persons riotously assembled together and feloniously destroyed a threshing machine, the property of Daniel Wells. Also recorded against him was one charge of poaching at Petworth. He was transported for seven years, travelling on board the same ship as his brother, and died of consumption in Tasmania in September 1831. John Hotson (or Hudson), aged 33, was another man involved in the machine-breaking incident at the Holloway’s farm. John Hotson was described as a ploughman, native place Westbourne, married with four children. His wife Anne was stated to be on the parish at Westbourne, no doubt as a result of the arrest of her husband. John Hotson’s death was recorded in December 1832, so he was never to return to his wife and family. John Duke, aged 20, another of the wreckers of Sarah Holloway’s threshing machine, was stated to have served six months for stealing timber, three months for poaching and one month for cutting a fence. He was also said to have been ‘punished on board’. His stormy career was continued in Van Dieman’s Land, being charged by the Van Dieman Land Company for ‘Disobedience of orders in refusing to work on New Year’s Day, alleging it to be a holiday’. He was also admonished for ‘Disobedience of orders’ in March 1836 and for ‘being in without a pass’ in April 1837. He is described as being ‘Free by Servitude’ and received a Certificate of Freedom in l840. The transportation of so many men from small villages had a disastrous effect on local communities, not the least of which was the burden of supporting on the poor rate the wives and families left behind. Christine Normand � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1415 Title A name given to the resource The Agricultural Riots of 1830 Description An account of the resource Effects of riots on local communities Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Normand, Christine Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2011 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 09.09.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1795 to 1872 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Emsworth, Havant, Speenhamland, Westbourne, Winchester Subject The topic of the resource agricultural labourer, farm machinery, riot, transportation Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 43, November 2011, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.13-15, EMHT1410 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/2d40e9521e91c64693e434e751e44a90.pdf 1d91a3b381fdb9a7de2d74eb6221d587 PDF Text Text ���� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1414 Title A name given to the resource War Memorials in Emsworth Description An account of the resource Ways of commemorating the war dead. includes 8 photographs. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Newell, Linda Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2011 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 09.09.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1807 to 2011 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Belgium, Emsworth, London, South Africa, Southsea, Spain Subject The topic of the resource battlefield, bus shelter, Cenotaph, church, hospital bed, plaque, poppies, regiment, WW1, WW2 Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 43, November 2011, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.9-12, EMHT1410 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/c4d75b66a6c7ee9ebe4a13326018bf4e.pdf b25589b910066022247ee4703df08cb3 PDF Text Text Emsworth — the Local Cultural Centre in the 1830s? Recent histories of Emsworth have said little about local entertainments in the reign of William IV (1830-37). This article, using as its source The Hampshire Telegraph & West Sussex Chronicle, is an attempt to shed a little more light on to the social scene in this period. By the early 1830s the general public were able to enjoy horticultural exhibitions, usually staged at “The Royal Oak”, and included the Annual Cucumber Show held in March, followed by the annual show of Pinks and Strawberries held in June. These competitions attracted entries from outside the parish and prizewinners, for example, came from Havant and Hayling. Cricket featured in summer editions of the paper. It reported on the entertaining matches played at the Cold Harbour ground. These not only included matches between East Hampshire and West Sussex, but were often played for high stakes; in June 1831 a return match against Portsmouth for 44 sovereigns was advertised and in June 1833 a match against Hambledon, still no mean side, was played for 55 sovereigns a side. These matches were followed by dinners, at 2s. 6d. a head, provided by C. A. Louch of “The Crown” and, after a match on 24 June 1833, the public were entertained by a balloon ascent from the ground. Musical tastes were catered for by the Emsworth Harmonic Society whose half-yearly annual dinner was held at the “Ship Inn” in the High Street. In February 1836 it was reported that Mr. Harris, the music teacher, who lived on the comer of Nile and South Streets, had given a lecture, illustrated by music and, in March of the following year, he placed an advertisement for the first meeting of The Instrumental and Vocal Society. However, earlier in 1834, the leading lights of Emsworth decided that the intellect needed stimulation. On 24 November, the paper published plans to establish a Mechanics Institute in the town and that a meeting to discuss the proposal was to be held at the National School on Monday evening, 8 December. The gathering decided to establish an Emsworth Literary Society and chose as its president Rev. William Norris who was instrumental in calling the meeting that had attracted a large attendance and from which “about 40 members were enrolled”. It was decided that a library be created, that “philosophical apparatus” be obtained and that occasional lectures would be delivered. The members of the first committee were elected and a week later membership had swelled to 80. As usual it was desirable to have high profile local figures as patrons. The unanimous choice of Sir George Staunton, MP of Leigh Park raised some unwelcome comments and caused Messrs. Cooper and Smart, secretaries of the Society, to write an open letter to the newspaper stating that there was “the utmost diversity of opinion on political issues” and that his political opponents supported his election. The first lecture, held on 19 January 1835, was given by Rev. W. Norris, whose topic “On the history and progress of Literature and Science”, which it was reported, “gave an interesting �account of the origin and use of language, letters, books, writing and typography”. The next lecture was given by a surgeon, George Miller, and later by his business partner, John Hicks, who interested his audience with a lecture “On the physiology of blood”, at the end of which meeting it was announced that a donation of £20 had been given by Charles Dixon of Stansted Park. The first annual meeting of the Society was held in the Crown Inn Assembly Room. This is the only detailed annual report to be published by the newspaper but gives some interesting facts. In its first year the Society had enrolled 236 members and acquired a library of 286 volumes, of which 150 had been donated. Fourteen lectures had been given by members of the society, a further eight arranged and the Rev. Morris was re-elected as president. It was not only members who gave lectures. In April 1836 Mr. Armstrong, under-gardener to Sir George Staunton, gave a very well-received talk on “Natural History”. This was followed, in January 1837, by another of his lectures on botany, which, “despite the severity of the season, the specimens used in illustrations were numerous and beautiful”. Speakers came from as far away as Fareham and Chichester. Later that year it was announced that C. Short, Esq. of “Woodlands” had donated “a hansom(sic) pair of valuable globes” whose example the paper’s editor hoped would be followed by the gentry of the neighbourhood. In 1837 Victoria became queen and the author is ending his article, but ponders on several unanswered questions such as — were women invited to attend these meetings? What happened to the library and other gifts to the Literary Society and their minutes? When and why did it fold? Malcolm Walford � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1413 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth - the Local Cultural Centre in the 1830s? Description An account of the resource Local entertainment in the reign of William IV Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Walford, Malcolm Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2011 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 09.09.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1830 to 1837 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Emsworth Subject The topic of the resource lecture, literary society, music Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 43, November 2011, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.7-8, EMHT1410 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/021849c92f68b6c062c471f2e3cf6335.pdf 09c534152ab3302e9bbb042699793ff7 PDF Text Text Bathing Belles and Bathing Machines When one of King George lII’s daughters came to stay with the Hon. Colonel Hood in Catherington for a few months in 1805, she came over to Emsworth ‘to take the waters’ for her health, and a bathing machine was specially built for her use. Robert Harfield had built a Bathing House, now the Emsworth Sailing Club, on a corner of the common land known as ‘Seafield’, at the end of what is now Bath Road. When later the Bathing House was offered for sale the particulars described it as: A new erected Bathing House containing the necessary apartments for a small family, with two capacious baths, constantly supplied with fresh sea water, and dressing closets adjoining, with a furnace, pipes and apparatus for a hot bath. The above premises are standing by the waterside in Emsworth Harbour near the pleasant town of Emsworth (Hampshire Telegraph & Sussex Chronicle). Bathing machines had come into being almost a century before; the earliest ones were square boxes on four small wheels with a pyramidal roof and sometimes a tiny window on the side. It was essentially a beach hut on wheels, a sort of mobile changing room pulled directly into the sea by a horse or, where the shore was too steep, by a capstan and rope. Once in the water, the driver would unhitch the horse and return to the beach for another machine. Almost every seaside town soon had them and after paying the hire charge, would-be bathers waited by the shore for a machine to become free and then stepped up into the dark, dank box to remove their street clothes. There was little light to change by and when the machine got moving the jerks of the horse made it an even more difficult task. Though men traditionally chose to bathe naked, and did so until the 1860s, they still undressed in a bathing machine so as to make their entry into the water as decent as possible. After disrobing and getting into her bathing costume, a lady occupant disembarked from the sea side down steps into the water. It was considered essential that the machine blocked any view of the bather from the shore for modesty’s sake and the machine would often be equipped with a small flag which could be raised by the bather as a signal to the driver that they had had enough and were ready to return to the shore. In the early days women paid for guides or ‘dippers’ who helped them into loose fitting, sack-style bathing gowns before taking charge of the ritual act of bathing. By this time, too, often the beaches were segregated, men’s bathing machines on the men’s part of the beach and women’s bathing machines on the women’s side, sometimes with a pier between them such as that at Worthing. Like so many 17th and 18th century fashions, sea bathing began as an exclusive pursuit of the moneyed classes — only they could afford to spend extended periods away from home and work and the day of the seaside ‘tripper’ was to come later on, popularised by the railways. Hiring a bathing machine was initially an expensive activity, which consequently became a status symbol. �Weymouth was lucky enough to be favoured by the Duke of Gloucester and later in July 1789 by his elder brother George III, whose doctors had recommended a series of dips. His bathing machine was larger than normal and on the roof, above its landward door, was fixed the royal coat of arms and inscribed ‘the machine of the great and good King George III, the friend of the poor, the patron of Weymouth’. The Weymouth townspeople showed their delight by providing a band to serenade King George on his first excursion into the sea, where, stepping naked from his bathing machine, he was met by female attendants whose bonnets were decorated with ‘God Save the King’ — the imagination boggles. Unlike his father, the Prince Regent, later King George IV, preferred Brighton to Weymouth and became a regular bather there and essentially revitalised the town. Bathing machines were introduced early on Worthing beach in 1789, and by 1813 there were 60. Using a machine there then cost between 6d. and one shilling, including towels. Royalty continued to think sea bathing beneficial and there is a scene in the film Mrs Brown at Osborne in which Judy Dench as Queen Victoria, steps decorously from her machine clad in a heavy costume and bloomers of navy blue serge with white piping complete with matching hat exhorting her daughters to follow suit and take the plunge. She preferred the Isle of Wight, finding Brighton people ‘very indiscreet and troublesome’. Her luxurious bathing vehicle was hand-crafted by a Portsmouth coachbuilder. It measured l2ft x 7ft with a plumbed-in water closet and the door and window handles were of silver, with a deep canopy which shaded the steps into the sea. Unfortunately for Emsworth the haute monde became more and more demanding, requiring their chosen resort to have not only a circulating library and wide promenade but several tea rooms where they could see and be seen. Although Robert Harfield’s Bathing House continued to be moderately popular for some little time, the town could not then capitalise further on the fashion for bathing, one reason being that in the eyes of the gentry they considered the town to have a lack of sufficiently high-class boarding establishments. But for most of the working class population of early l9th century Britain hiring a bathing machine remained an infrequent, if not impossible, luxury. In the first place they needed the time and money to get to the coast. But when the railways arrived, in Emsworth by 1847, that made journeys to the coast quicker and cheaper. As the railways spread across the country more and more people were able to enjoy a seaside holiday, or at the very least, a day excursion. In 1837 around 50,000 passengers travelled to Brighton by stage coach during the course of the year; in 1850 the railway carried 73,000 in a single week, putting Brighton and places like Southsea and Bournemouth firmly on the map. Pleasure had superseded health as the main reason to travel to the coast and those still unable to hire a bathing machine could now make do and enjoy a paddle in the briny. Margaret Rogers � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1412 Title A name given to the resource Bathing Belles and Bathing Machines Description An account of the resource Sea bathing: description of bathing machines, their moneyed users and the popularity of certain south coast resorts. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rogers, Margaret Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2011 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 09.09.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1789 to 1860s Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Brighton Emsworth, Isle of Wight, Weymouth, Worthing Subject The topic of the resource bathing house, bathing machine, health, railway Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 43, November 2011, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.6-7, EMHT1410 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/f0728737d7bcacda5d759a82d1edb29d.pdf b7d477647c4187de9609c46913d727ed PDF Text Text Before the Museum Came to 10a North Street In previous issues of The Emsworth Echo there have been articles on both the Victoria Cottage Hospital and the Emsworth Fire Station, so to add to our picture of this part of North Street Mrs Phyllis Farnham’s reminiscences were invaluable. Before the 1939-45 war the Museum was used by the Parish of Warblington as the Council Chamber and during the war it was used as accommodation for the Voluntary Fire Service. After the war, when housing was in short supply, it was made into accommodation by the Havant & Waterloo UDC for their employees. My husband and I and our children were the second family to live there, and actually the last, because after we left the big room was put back to how it is now. We had three bedrooms, a bathroom, dining and sitting rooms, kitchen and a play area for the children. At one time there was a large gate across the entrance, but that was removed early on. We had a small garden in the Council yard opposite the house, which is still there. Mr. Parsons, a Council workman, and his family lived there. His eldest son became Chief Fire Officer for Emsworth. At the back of the yard was a garage for my husband’s car, constructed from outbuildings, and the mortuary. Mr. Parsons looked after the mortuary and tells the story of the toddler who was knocked down in the road, receiving severe head injuries and died and was laid in the mortuary. The mother wished to visit so Mr. Parsons bought a doll’s face mask from ‘Dawns’, the toy shop next door, and bandaged it in position to hide the injuries, thus saving the mother much anguish. On the north side of the yard facing the hospital was a hall, used as the Emsworth County Library, run by Miss Crocker, an excellent librarian. Sometimes boxes of books arrived from Winchester main library when this one was closed, so of course I took them in and Miss Crocker collected them later. There were shelves all round the room, laden with library books and covers locked over them when the library was closed, thus enabling other groups to use the hall, such as the British Red Cross. I could see these people gathering from my kitchen window (now our Administrator’s Room) and resolved to join them, which I did, the Emsworth Red Cross becoming a large part of my life for many years. Phyllis Farnham (Mrs. Farnham’s full transcript complete with two Red Cross photographs, a press cutting, her uniforms and other memorabilia is now in the Museum. An article on her time in the Emsworth Red Cross will appear in the next issue.) � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1411 Title A name given to the resource Before the Museum Came to 10a North Street Description An account of the resource Stories about when the Museum premises were a family home Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Farnham, Phyllis Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2011 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 09.09.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant mid 20th century Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Emsworth Subject The topic of the resource housing, library, mortuary Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 43, November 2011, editor Rogers, Margaret, p.5, EMHT1410 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/d5d9530bed281e6d355d5c4462853e3d.pdf 13855e12f9fbfa0bd7d4502e0e6c7a44 PDF Text Text Girls' Teacher Training in Victorian Times When a girl left elementary school in Emsworth at the age of 12 in early Victorian times she was faced with few choices – she could work in a family business, she could work on a local farm or go into service, and this last option was what most of them did. All demanded hard work and were lowly paid jobs. But then, as now, it was the wish of many working-class parents to improve their children's lot in life and they seized upon one chance which they thought might help them to do so. This was what the pupilteacher system offered whereby children were apprentice teachers for five years until about the age of 18. If they were deemed to have performed well they were then given the title of assistant teachers. Initially there was only a small payment of £10 during the first year of this apprenticeship and there were more girls who entered the system rather than boys. Boys could not afford, even at the tender age of 12, not to earn the best money available straight away in order to help support their families. The girls had to be really fit to cope with the demands of the long hours of study, up to 30 hours per week teaching, at least one hour's tuition per day from the headteacher and preparation, but at least it held out improved prospects for them in the long term. It was vital that the educational system in Great Britain be improved in the nineteenth century. This was the time when its manufacturing industries were pouring goods out upon the world – then often stymied because British children were so badly taught and barely literate or numerate enough to develop trade with the old and new worlds. Traditionally the churches had basically seen elementary education as a tool whereby it delivered a subservient, God-fearing, respectful workforce which could satisfy the demands of the gentry, industrialists and farmers. This was simply not now good enough. With government backing Dr (later Sir) James KayShuttleworth was the prime mover who took advantage of the already existing educational provisions of the Anglican, Roman Catholic and non-conformist churches to improve the educational system. Sir James had to confront two problems – the schools needed better teaching staff, so he needed to improve existing church teacher-training colleges and establish some new ones, and at the same time justify the government's investment in education, whilst pacifying churches who saw their control dwindling. Up to this time elementary school education had consisted of the three 'r's' and a great deal of rote learning which was taught by monitors and dunned into uncomprehending little heads; older children helped younger ones. Charity and Schools of Industry helped boys to learn their letters and some trades; Sunday Schools enlisted the aid of 'ladies' of an evangelical bent to teach children the Bible and know their catechism. In Emsworth several private and 'dame' schools taught both day children and boarders and some, such as Mrs. Jewell's school in King Street, were very successful. But generally speaking education of this time was uncoordinated and haphazard with a lot of humanitarian-based provision. Even so, despite this need for a structured educational provision, before the would-be pupil was admitted to apprenticeship ... s/he had to satisfy certain medical, educational and moral requirements. No candidate was to be accepted who was "subject to any bodily infirmity ... or had an hereditary tendency to insanity" for these were "to be regarded as positive disqualifications". One candidate in 1849 who was 'resident in a public house' was thought to have 'a very serious, if not surmountable, objection to apprenticeship. Illegitimate children were not admitted, except 1 �in cases of outstanding merit and they also were required to move to some other place where they were not known'. Despite all this, Kay-Shuttleworth not only set up government support for such training, he organised a bridge to support bright, able children and keep them committed to teachertraining between leaving school and until they reached the end of their apprenticeship. His scheme was so designed as to appeal particularly to children of the working classes as in it they would be able to see the possibilities of later independence, with the security of a government-sponsored position and pension rights later on, as an alternative to the few choices of job mentioned earlier. The collective feet of these children appeared to have been firmly placed upon the ground; an upbringing based on pragmatism and self-reliance and upon an acceptance of the need for hard work which led to what they perceived as a worthwhile goal was to be seized, tired as they were after such demanding training. As a result of Kay-Shuttleworth's initiative bright children who had done well during their apprenticeship could then take what was known as the Queen's scholarship examination, begun in 1852. If successful, and a place available, they could then progress up to a place at an elementary teaching training college supported by a government bursary. Between 1846 and 1870 the Anglican churches founded several teacher training colleges for elementary school teachers; they were separate for men and women, accepting both paying and sponsored students. Despite resentment at government control mechanisms such as annual audits by HMIs, the colleges benefited at the influx of government monetary support. Locally, one was established at Brighton, one for men at Chichester (Bishop Otter's) and another at Winchester and one for women at Salisbury (to which two of Thomas Hardy's sisters went). Numbers accepted, admission dates and duration of courses varied considerably from three months to three years between the colleges and it was often the case, given the crying needs for teachers, that as soon as a student was deemed fit for a post s/he was placed. The training period was kept as short as possible given that the student's family or parents had to bear the cost up to the middle of the nineteenth century, unless they were Queen's scholars. The original paying applicants to at least two of these colleges had to know the Bible and catechism, produce a certificate of baptism, state whether they had been confirmed and present a signed certificate of moral and religious character and health. Nothing in their entry requirements indicated what level of academic achievement was expected before acceptance – again – unless they were Queen's scholars. Although there appeared to be no college uniforms, there were strict rules for dress at most women's colleges and they were required to wear neat, plain clothes, and out of doors walk in crocodile formation under the escort of a governess. Great stress was placed on humility, essential that they did not 'get above themselves and give themselves airs'. In order to accustom the students to the life of a village schoolmistress when they would need to be largely self-sufficient, all the women's colleges required their students to do some housework, regarded as part of their training. The students had to 'wait upon themselves, make their own beds, sweep and dust their own dormitories and do a certain portion of the domestic work of the establishment'. To newcomers at Salisbury training college the amount of household work seemed appalling. One student bemoaned: 'I am fond of domestic work and do not think it beneath a teacher, but there was a great deal of drudgery – three hours' washing and six hours with a heavy mangle or ironing in a hot laundry in one week was too much, and keep on with our lessons as well.' 2 �For similar reasons most women's colleges also ran cookery classes and students were assigned 'pantry duty', alongside normal lessons' preparation and attendance. This involved getting up early enough to get the fires lighted and breakfast prepared before the first lesson, cooking, clearing away and washing up for all meals, with plenty of sweeping and scrubbing afterwards. All these household duties and kitchen work had twofold benefits in that not only did they prepare teachers for lives as independent, possibly rural isolated schoolmistresses, such duties helped to keep down the cost of maintaining and running the college itself. In the men's colleges such training seemed to be considered unnecessary; it was assumed that upon becoming a teacher they would either marry or have help in the house. So it followed that women students needed to be fitter than men to cope with added domestic chores, that they had less time available for academic study and women's colleges must have been cheaper to run. If the period between 1830 and 1860 had seen many educational changes, more were to come. Elementary education was now taught from five to the age of thirteen; government educational funding was pared to the bone, and several colleges closed, among them Bishop Otter's college for men, but eventually between 1871 and 1874 teacher-training numbers rose again. Unsurprisingly, the government's insistence upon inspections by an HMI and their recommendations was still bitterly resented, instanced by the Venerable Archdeacon of Bristol's irritation: 'He has ordered complete sets of baths for all the students. Now these girls will never see a bath when they leave their training colleges in their future life. It is accustoming them to luxuries and creating a taste which they will not be able to gratify afterwards'. But in the last quarter of the century things were again looking up for teacher-training colleges; it saw Bishop Otter re-emerging as a successful one for ladies, begun by a forceful lady called Louisa Hubbard and her equally forceful friends, among them Florence Nightingale and Elizabeth Garrett Anderson. Her choice of headmistress was a Miss Frances Trevor, who turned the wheel full circle by sending her pupil-teachers in pairs to the Emsworth School for their teacher-training practice. And Emsworth Museum this year continued to preserve its links with Chichester by accepting University students on work experience. Margaret Rogers 3 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1400 Title A name given to the resource Girls' Teacher Training in Victorian Times Description An account of the resource Teacher- training life/colleges sponsored by the government and the Church. includes work of Sir James Kay-Shuttleworth Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rogers, Margaret Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2012 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 31.08.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 19th century Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Chichester, Emsworth Subject The topic of the resource colleges, domestic work, educational system, elementary school, reform, school mistress, teacher-training Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 44, November 2012, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.18-20, EMHT1417 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/813255c32a7f71434dc1d3213f88edff.pdf e66f1df03002254c2993754440117b11 PDF Text Text EDWARD SANDELL – Emsworth's Forgotten Il-luminary I first came across Edward Sandell when I acquired a lithograph of Westbourne Church about five years ago (figure 1). There was no date for the print although I guessed, and have subsequently concluded, that it was produced around 1840. What really struck me was the imprint "Published by Sandell. Emsworth" for I was not aware that there ever was a publisher of prints in Emsworth, particularly at that time. My next meeting with Edward Sandell was a year later in Emsworth Museum. I was stewarding there on a particularly slack day, and so I wandered into the permanent exhibition room and into the PG Woodhouse area. Much to my surprise I discovered (it is well tucked away) a second Sandell lithograph, this time an Figure 1: Print 3 of Sandell's output original print of Warblington Church (print 1 listed on page 4). It is in the same style as the previous print, and sufficient to conjecture that they might be part of a series of lithographs of local churches marking the consecration of St James' Church in Emsworth. This conjecture has only recently been dismissed by my acquisition of an original Sandell lithograph of Warblington Castle (figure 2) that is in much the same style as the previous two. No church theme there then. So who was Edward Sandell? The first mention I have been able to find is on the Tithe Map of 1838, where he is recorded as living in a house owned by Townsend Cox which is now the Sue Ryder Shop. The Tithe map simply records this as a house with no indication that it was a business premises. Indeed there is no mention of a business in the Warblington Church marriage record of 3rd April 1839, where Edward Sandell is described as a "bachelor of full age", a "schoolmaster of Emsworth", and son of David Sandell, a wholesale stationer i n London with a business that I have found was certainly trading before 1824. Also on this marriage register Edward Sandell's spouse is recorded as Martha Sheerman, "spinster of full age", "milliner of Emsworth", and daughter of "Isaac Sheerman" a "cordwainer". From the 1 �Warblington Church records there is notice of the baptism of a son, David Edward Sandell, on 5th April 1840 (Edward Sandell is recorded again as a schoolmaster), only to be followed by notice from the same source of the child's burial on the 11th April, 1840 at age 16 days. The Hampshire Telegraph of 13th April 1840 (p.4, co1.7) reports the death at Emsworth of David Edward Sandell, "infant son of Mr. Sandell, stationer" as occurring on 6th April. Note, amongst all this, that there is the first mention of Edward Sandell having a business interest rather than a profession, it being the same as his father's based in London. The death of a child so young was undoubtedly a sad, potentially disastrous, event for Edward and Martha Sandell but not unusual for the times. What is unusual for the time, I believe, is for notice to have been inserted in a newspaper. This would have come at some cost for Edward Sandell, but social aspiration is a strange thing. The marriage and subsequent events do seem to have determined Edward Sandell to try to elevate his standing within the local community, for in the 12th October 1840 (p.4, co1.6) issue of the Hampshire Telegraph, it is reported that Sandell has become the Secretary to the Emsworth Literary Society. Actually the report names "E Sandril" as taking on this role, but it is clear from a subsequent Hampshire Telegraph report of 26th October 1842 that this is incorrect and it is intended to be Edward Sandell. The Emsworth Literary Society has been described by Malcolm Walford in the Emsworth Echo, November 2011, it and appears to have been a vibrant forum. Clearly Edward Sandell was not the only person who could be accused of using the Society for ulterior motives. Indeed, as Walford reports, Sir George Staunton's appointment as patron was eyed with enough suspicion as to warrant an open letter to be written to the Hampshire Telegraph on 22nd December 1834 by the Secretaries of the Society refuting all accusations concerning the appointment. As regards the Society, Walford reports that in 1837 a "pair of handsome globes" had been donated, and that the Telegraph editor opined that this was an example that should be followed by the gentry of the neighbourhood. In part it was, for the Hampshire Telegraph of 19th April 1841 carried a report that Sir George Staunton had donated 84 coloured maps to the Society. The Emsworth Literary Society certainly did possess some valuable artefacts, and it would be nice to know what happened to both it and them. All appears to be going well for Edward Sandell in 1841, for he is recorded in the census of that year as living at a different address, this time in Queen Street at probably what is today recognised 2 �as number 19. He is living with his wife Martha and they have one son, aged one month and singly named as Edward. Furthermore Edward Sandell Snr declares a business interest, rather than a profession, he being now listed as a stationer. However it is the fourth listed resident on the census return who is of most interest, it is a servant named Ann Oliver. Now that is a real sign of social aspiration or progress, but which is it? In 1842 Sandell also seems to be making progress within the community of Emsworth's new Church. He publishes the "Notice of Intention to Segregate the Congregation along Gender Lines" which is reproduced on p.6 of "St James' Church, Emsworth, 1840-1990" by Keith Vignoles. I question whether this was a real business deal, or just a voluntary deed? It is a natural question given what is about to happen. Also in 1842 Sandell produces his most well-known print, that of the meeting between Queen Victoria and the Duke of Wellington in Emsworth in the Dolphin Quay area of what is now Queen Street (print 7 listed on p.4). This image has been much reproduced and on many of them Sandell's imprint has vanished, but if you look around the Emsworth Museum's several copies of the print (all modern reproductions), the odd one or two show Sandell's name. The probable reason for this is not difficult to guess for in late 1842 disaster strikes Edward Sandell Snr. There is a report in the Hampshire Telegraph of 31st July 1843 (p.3, co1.6) concerning the "Assignment of personal estate of Edward Sandell, Bookseller, to William Hayley Mason, Bookseller of Chichester, and William Hood of London, for equal benefit of themselves and all other creditors". Edward Sandell has gone bankrupt and at this point the signal from Edward Sandell flatlines. The blip appearing in the 1844 Emsworth Trade Directory where Sandell is described as a "Bookseller and Stationer" is clearly an erroneous result caused by long production deadlines of the Directory. This bankruptcy is the most probable reason why Sandell's name disappeared from his Queen Victoria/Duke of Wellington print. Until the late 19th century it was common practice for anyone purchasing, or obtaining printing plates in any other way, to remove previous names and publishing details and publish subsequent prints as their own work if there was the least perceived commercial opportunity. For some little while I was left wondering about the subsequent fate of Edward Sandell. Was his first son's death a significant distraction from his business interests? Was his business judgement compromised by a desire to improve his social standing? In fact, did he even possess such ambitions as I have conjectured here? What happened to him post - 1843? It is only on this last question that I have been able to find some answers albeit with some difficulty, for in the 1851 census he is recorded erroneously as Edward Sandall (an error independently repeated in the West Sussex Records Office catalogue) and living with his wife Martha in Putney, along with five sons and one daughter. The two eldest sons aged 9 and 8 are registered as being born in Emsworth. The third son was born in Lambeth, the fourth son and only daughter were born in Brixton, while the fifth son was born in Putney. Edward Sandell is described as a Book Keeper and Stationer, and for the first time it is seen that he was born not in Emsworth but in St Lukes, Middlesex. It is probable therefore that sometime, after his bankruptcy in 1843, he returned to London to take up a position, if not the reins, in his father's wholesale stationary business that is recorded as still operating from Sherbourne Lane, London around 1847/8. One further point of interest from this 1851 census return is that there is one servant recorded as living in the household. Seems that Edward Sandell is once again upwardly socially mobile! It is clear from my findings that it was only during the relatively short period 1840-2 that Edward Sandell could have published the three lithographs detailed above. However, despite the briefness of his time as a stationer in Emsworth, it turns out that he published many more than these three, and a list of those I have been able to discover is presented below. In fact Edward Sandell appears to be a 3 �relatively prolific publisher of prints of the immediate Emsworth locality and there may well be more prints than I have been able to unearth. It is strange for example that I have been unable to discover one of St James Church Emsworth (clearly I would be delighted if any reader of this article were able to furnish further information). Quite what Sandell's motives were in producing such prints are not entirely clear to me. They do not seem to have been produced for a book and there hardly appears to be a profitable independent market for such output. In short they do not appear to have been a sound business opportunity. Perhaps, therefore they were produced more for grace and favour, part of an attempt to gain status within the community, and maybe this is at the root of his financial problems of 1842/3. Sandell's prints are now quite scarce and as a consequence relatively valuable. Their real value however is in the information they carry since they provide some of the earliest illumination of the Emsworth area. Having had such a brief flowering as a print publisher, it is clear that Edward Sandell never became an Emsworth luminary, if such was his goal, but who would deny him status as a great il-luminary of the town and its environs? Prints Published by Edward Sandell (i.e. Sandell's output): 1. "Warblington Church", "published by Sandell, Emsworth", c.1840 (see the framed original print in Emsworth Museum stock). (n.b. this and item 3 are very similar in style) 2. "Westbourn Church, Sussex", "published by Edward Sandell, Emsworth, Hants", "... on stone by William Mitchell", c. 1840. (A reproduction of this landscape view can be seen in the West Sussex Record Office, Chichester, but note that their catalogue entry refers to "E Sandall") 3. "Westbourne Church, Sussex", "published by Sandell, Emsworth", c.1840. (n.b. this and item 2 are very similar in style). (An original print containing this portrait view can be seen in the West Sussex Record Office, Chichester, but note that their catalogue entry refers to "E Sandall") 4. "Warblington Castle", published by Sandell, Emsworth, c. 1840 (a copy of an original print in the collection of the author, is shown) 5. "Emsworth from the Harbour", drawn by W Mitchell, published by Edward Sandell, c. 1840 (see R Whitfield "A History of Emsworth", fig 32, p. 40). 6. "Gosden Green Windmill" drawn by W Mitchell, published by Edward Sandell, c. 1840 (see R Whitfield "A History of Emsworth", fig 38 p 43). 7. Print of Victoria and Albert's visit to Emsworth entitled "Triumphal Arch – Dolphin Quay", published by Sandell, Emsworth, 1842 (can be seen in various reproductions on the walls of Emsworth Museum). 8. "Leigh Park", published by Sandell (see Hampshire Public Records Office, Item Searching No.TOP151/2/1) Acknowledgements: I wish to record debts of gratitude incurred in the writing of this article to Roy and Sheila Morgan, Margaret Rogers, Geoff Higgins and Linda Newell. A. Clive Pugh 4 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1402 Title A name given to the resource Edward Sandell - Emsworth's Forgotten Il-luminary Description An account of the resource History of Edward Sandell, bookseller, print publisher and stationer. Includes prints of Westbourne Church and Warblington Castle Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pugh, A. Clive Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2012 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 31.08.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1838 to 1851 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Emsworth, Warblington, Westbourne Subject The topic of the resource bankruptcy, literary society, lithograph, print publisher, printing plates Modes Classified Name Additional information relating to the object printing equipment, printing matrix, visual representation Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 44, November 2012, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.14-17, EMHT1417 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/02964eed0415dcd16473d917d43c20be.pdf 26e7f15603d2201cd56ca9593dde23b0 PDF Text Text The Olympic Torchbearer I n this year of commemorations and anniversaries the Olympic Games stands out as one which generated an enormous amount of pride and a sense of goodwill amongst British people and visitors. On 15 July at 5.20pm – day 58 on its way around the British Isles – Daphne Laycock of Emsworth, pictured below with Dorothy Bone, carried the Olympic torch. She describes her journey: 'To my surprise I found I had been nominated as a torchbearer by Chloe Oliver and seconded by Becky Garfield, both members of 1st Emsworth Girls’ Brigade. This was followed later by an email that came through asking me to describe my hopes and aspirations for the future and to forward a statement to Coca Cola, the sponsors. After two elimination rounds I was told in December 2011 that I had been successful but that I was not to give out any more information until the official launch, due to take place in March this year. It was very difficult to keep quiet about it, apart from telling close family. Later all those taking part were briefed and given helpful information as to what we would be expected to do; I was most impressed by all the meticulous organisation. Once the route and participants became public knowledge interest snowballed with lots of local publicity and I felt caught up in an exciting but very efficient machine. 'Those people on my section – 22 of us – were taken by coach to Gosport Ice Rink where we were again briefed, before being taken, dressed in our white tracksuits, to start of the route and dropped off, one by one. My particular 'leg' of the run was in Privett Road close to Privett Park from Charlesbury Avenue to Jellicoe Avenue. There was a tangible excitement growing inside the coach and as we were each dropped off it rose to unbelievable levels. When I stepped out on my 'leg' – No. 63 – I found I was lucky enough to be in a quite narrow stretch of road and I could see a cheering crowd including over one hundred family and friends shouting me on 'Give it up for Daffers' as I carried the top heavy one-and-a-half kilo torch, which was easier in fact to carry vertically aloft. On my journey, which I chose to walk, I was flanked by members of the Metropolitan Police through a smiling, happy throng. From a vehicle in front of me film and television crews relayed the event live around the world (my daughter followed it live via the internet in Australia) – for over five minutes I was the centre of attention all over the planet. 'Afterwards participants were all given their torch in a cotton bag to keep. But that was not the end of it for in the following weeks local interest carried on and I was invited to speak of my experience at St. James' School as well as others in Horndean, Hayling Island and Cowplain and clubs and societies, one of which was Emsworth Girls' Brigade, where it had all started.' Daphne Laycock � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1417 Title A name given to the resource The Olympic Torchbearer Description An account of the resource Description of a day as a local Olympic torchbearer in 2012. Includes photograph. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Laycock, Daphne Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2012 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 31.08.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 2012,07,15 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Emsworth, Gosport Subject The topic of the resource torch Modes Classified Name Additional information relating to the object lighting equipment Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 44, November 2012, editor Rogers, Margaret, p.12, EMHT1417 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital