7 20 162 https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/54b685cd3fe8de7fc09992cde5dd9191.pdf 460967bfd9b2e36c7c3ec383cd0ca76f PDF Text Text Richard Barwell, Owner of Stansted House 1781 – 1804 M aybe there has always been a time when some individuals receive financial rewards that have little relationship with their talents, experience or skills. In the eighteenth century the beneficiaries of such fortune were often associated with the East India Trading Company, originally formed in December 1600 to promote trade with the Indian subcontinent. Then, as now, such beneficence evoked jealousy and the call for greater regulation; then as now, some benefited from their accumulation before the ire of the envious could blacken their reputation. One such was Richard Barwell, the owner of Stansted House from 1781 until his death in 1804. Richard Barwell was born into the East India Trading Company, the second son of his father's third marriage in Calcutta to Elizabeth Peirce in February 1739. That it was his father William's third marriage illustrates something of the risks associated with working in India; the prevalence of disease. His first wife had died aged twenty two eighteen months after their marriage in Calcutta. The death of his second wife, the widowed Ann Atkinson, closely followed that of their third child in 1738. His third wife, Elizabeth, was about 17 when she married in 1739 and produced ten children, five in Calcutta and five in Chertsey in Surrey. William was discharged from the East India Company for administrative incompetence, apparently only venial venality, as he had enough wealth to buy Abbey House on the banks of the Thames and to secure election as a Director of the East India Company at its offices in London. Richard went to Westminster School in January 1750, aged eight and transferred to Christ's Hospital in about 1754 before returning to Calcutta as a 'writer', or junior clerk, to the East India Company in 1758. This was a good time to return; Calcutta was the main town in the province of Bengal whose head, or `naweb', Mir Jafar, was under the control of the East India Company's senior official, Robert Clive. Clive was referred to as a 'nabob' a slightly sarcastic play on ‘naweb' and was the effective governor of Bengal. The trading interests of other European powers, principally the French and the Dutch, had been neutralised giving a monopoly for trade to the British. Robert Clive offered a clear example to junior officials of how trade could enrich personal fortune. Richard Barwell was a conscientious student and managed to increase both his wealth and reputation over the next decade and secure appointment in 1774 as one of four councillors on the supreme council of Bengal under the chairmanship of the recently appointed governor-general, Warren Hastings. Hastings and Barwell were the only members of the council with experience of India to which the British Government added General John Clavering, George Monson and Philip Francis. Relationships within the Council were fraught; the three external members insisting that policies and procedures be adopted that would circumscribe the opportunities for personal gains whilst the two internal members argued for the defence of established practice as the most effective means of enhancing the Company's reputation. Richard Barwell, considerably younger than the others, did not ease the tensions by making romantic advances to one of General Clavering's daughters; an interest that so enraged the father that he and Richard Barwell fought what turned out to be a bloodless dual in 1775. A year later, on Friday September 13 1776 in St. John's Church Calcutta, Richard, then aged thirty-four, married Elizabeth the twenty-two year old daughter of Robert Sanderson, 1 �another official of the East India Company. The couple lived in grand style and Elizabeth gave birth to two children, Richard, baptised on January 13 1778 and Edward James who was baptised on February 8 1779. By then Elizabeth had died, presumably following complications during her delivery, and Richard determined to return to England which he did in February 1800. The rumours were that his wealth was considerable, estimated to be about £400,000 (equivalent to about £25 million at today's prices). Back in England he followed the pathways of previous 'nabobs', buying his way into parliament through the purchase of a seat in Helston in Cornwall in March 1781 and subsequently in St Ives in April 1784 and then Winchelsea, one of the Cinque Ports, in June 1790. He was not an active politician and is not recorded as having spoken in the House of Commons from 1790. He was against reform of any sort; voting against proposals to enable religious non-conformists to take public office and against the abolition of the slave trade. In December 1796 he resigned his seat in Parliament, yet for reasons that are far from clear bought the controlling interest of the parliamentary seats in Winchelsea, that is the right to nominate candidates for election. He had already purchased a similar right in 1790 for the Cornish borough of Tregony, (between Truro and St. Austell). At the time there were 120 'freemen' in Tregony entitled to vote and Richard Barwell was advised that he could secure their support for his preferred candidate at a payment of £20 per voter. He also sought to reduce the number of freeholders by buying their property in the borough and then letting it to 'tenants at will'; occupants subject to the 'will' of Richard Barwell and who as tenants would not be entitled to vote in parliamentary elections. His agent in Cornwall working to implement Richard's wishes was one of his wife's four brothers, with the surname Coffin. Five years earlier, on Friday 24 June 1785, Richard Barwell, aged forty-three, Member of Parliament for St. Ives and owner of Stansted House, (bought from the trustees of the estate of George Montague Dunk, 2nd Earl of Halifax, in 1781 for £102,500) married by special licence at Stansted, Catherine Coffin, 'a very pretty little Girl not 16, of American extraction'. This description comes from a letter written a month after the celebration by Elizabeth Iremonger to her friend Mary Heber in Northamptonshire. Elizabeth's aunt was Sarah Fetherstonhaugh who lived at Uppark, and Elizabeth's letter continues 'Till a fortnight before this Event he kept a very Beautiful Mistress close to his Park, by whom he has several Children & till very lately He declared most strongly against Matrimony.' The mistress was probably Harriet Seaforth, recorded in the Westbourne Baptismal Register for October 30th 1783 as the mother of a 'baseborn', that is illegitimate, child named James Richard Barwell Seaforth. Elizabeth Iremonger's report of 'several Children' is probably an exaggeration. It is reasonable to assume that Richard met his bride through her brothers and their friendship with Thomas and John Oldfield. The Oldfields were officers in the Marines and in the early 1780s had bought a cottage in Lumley Lane, Emsworth, which became Oldfield Lawn. The Oldfields had served in America during the War of Independence and John Oldfield's son, also called John, in a biography of his mother describes Catherine 'as a most beautiful American lady, sister of Sir Isaac Coffin and General Coffin, old friends of my father and uncle.' The Oldfields benefited from the friendship as they enjoyed shooting parties in the Stansted estate as the guest of Mrs Barwell. 2 �The marriage of Richard and Catherine was particularly fruitful and nine children were born, six boys and three girls, beginning with the birth of Edward Richard on November 20th 1786 and ending with that of Augustus Leycester in 1802. Richard may not have been altogether faithful to his wife. In the Westbourne Register for January 12th 1814, the baptism of a female called Louisa is recorded; the father's first name is 'Richard (Gent) Barwell' and the mother 'Rebecca Lynne'. Louisa must have been an adult at her baptism as the register gives her date of birth as May 22nd1790, twenty-four years earlier. Her mother, Rebecca Lynne, was probably a female relative of John Lyne, one of Richard's tenants who farmed in both Stoughton and Up Marden and who in July 1804 was one of the witnesses to Richard Barwell's 'Last Will and Testament'. Richard spent lavishly on re-modelling Stansted in the Italianate style, employing the architects Joseph Boromi and James Wyatt. He owned land in twelve parishes across Hampshire and Sussex, from Warblington to Bosham, Singleton to Prinsted, as well as land in Cornwall and in the East and West Indies. The panegyric to his memory in St John's Church, Westbourne, refers to his 'benevolence' and describes him as a man 'With an understanding strong and cultivated, and a mind open and honourable, were united other qualities rare and estimable.' This is in stark contrast to the views of William Hickey as published in the second volume of his 'Memoirs; 'Mr Barwell made it his study to render himself obnoxious to persons of all ranks, shutting up gates and paths through the park that had, as an indulgence, been always open to the public; prevented the poor from providing themselves from a spring they had been used to frequent, in short doing everything illiberal and illnatured. His very name from such conduct, soon was held in such detestation that men, women and children hissed and hooted at him as he passed in all his oriental status through the village'. William Hickey would have known Richard Barwell in Calcutta in the late 1770s, and visited him at Stansted soon after its purchase in 1781. Hickey was himself somewhat of a libertine, spending money with consummate ease and by his own account a man with 'an amorous disposition'. His 'Memoirs' were written after he finally left India in 1808 based not on any contemporary accounts but his recollection, and must as such be treated with caution. 3 �The real Richard Barwell lies somewhere between the memorial in Westbourne Church and the reflections of William Hickey. We know he was wealthy, that this wealth was not entirely the product of endeavour; we know he treated some of his tenants with arrogance and disregard, we know he had little time for incipient democracy other than how it might serve his own interests, and scant regard for Parliamentary institutions, at one time refusing to attend a House of Common hearing into Indian affairs. His legacy was the refurbishment of Stansted House, undertaken at great cost on his fortune and liability on his estate. Sadly that building no longer survives; it was destroyed by fire on the evening of Friday3rd August 1900. Philip Robinson 4 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1400 Title A name given to the resource Richard Barwell, Owner of Stansted House 1781 - 1804 Description An account of the resource History of Richard Barwell. Family life in India and UK. Includes photograph of memorial. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Robinson, Philip Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2012 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 31.08.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1739 to 1804 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Bengal, Calcutta, Cornwall, London, Lumley, Stansted, Westbourne Subject The topic of the resource children, councillor, East India Trading Company, land owner, parliamentary seats, politician, wealth, wives Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 44, November 2012, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.7-10, EMHT1417 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/fad6368d970031db623563b2418c99af.pdf 9cdfe3cacda203cdc311fba9465e44dd PDF Text Text Before the Museum Came to 10a North Street This is the second of two contributions by Mrs Phyllis Farnham, who used to live with her family at 10a North Street, where the Museum now is, shortly after WW2 when the building was used as accommodation for employees of Havant and Waterloo UDC. This article was compiled just before Phyllis and her husband left Emsworth last year. The Red Cross in Emsworth On the north side of the yard facing the hospital was a hall, used mainly as the Emsworth County Library. When the library was closed other groups could use the hall, such as the British Red Cross. I could see their members gathering from my kitchen window (where the Museum's Administrator's office is now) and resolved to join them. The County Commandants at Winchester Headquarters were Miss Balfour and Miss Pilkington, two lovely ladies. Mrs. Street, wife of Peter Street of Street's Ironmongers, was the Havant Area Commandant and Miss Brambley (a chiropodist) was Commandant of Emsworth Detachment. The main courses that were taught were First Aid and Home Nursing. Our tutors were professional nurses; Sister Turnbull and Sister Franklyn were regular tutors who gave a lot of their time to teach us. Dr. Barnard was usually the doctor who came to examine us at the end of the course. These courses were repeated and updated every year, and after three years of successful passes, we were given a medal to wear. During this time I also passed the test to drive the ambulance. The examiner was a Major Harris, an ex-Royal Marine who was the Road Safety Officer for South East Hampshire. The ambulance was given to Emsworth Red Cross by a Miss Stella Lyons, a very generous VAD in the Red Cross. She also gave the Red Cross hut to Emsworth. It was built in Emsworth House Close – lately pulled down and replaced by a block of flats I believe. And Miss Lyons also gave a Red Cross hut to Havant. That was situated in the road behind the old Cinema – both no longer in existence. During the summer months I would drive the ambulance and a contingent of Red Cross nurses down to the Red Cross Station on Hayling Island beach front. Our main casualties were cut feet from glass in the sand, insect stings, sunburn and lost children — occasionally a child with a sprained ankle or broken arm. In the height of the season it could take two hours to get off the Island, so we always hoped for nothing too serious. We also took the ambulance to Farnborough Air Show – usually our Field Hospital Test was amongst the crowd, and again the usual minor injuries and lost children, but one year we were down at the end of the runway, in case of an emergency crash! Fortunately nobody did crash their plane!! Later I joined the NHSR – the National Hospital Service Reserve. This was a group organised in the event of an atom bomb dropping on Portsmouth during the 'Cold War'. The training for this was much more intensive, involving attending lectures at St. Mary's, the Royal and Queen Alexandra's Hospital. Also one had to do regular hours practical work in hospital – voluntarily, of course. Your hours were checked and signed by Matron. In the big hospitals, on a ward it could be entirely women's medical or men's surgical etc., but in Emsworth hospital when it was fully operational one had a great variety of complaints and illnesses and much more interesting work. Emsworth Hospital had its own operating theatre and one could, and did, attend operations. The idea of the Service was that if an atom bomb dropped on Portsmouth, the 'fall out' flowed with the prevailing wind, so therefore the Field Hospitals were located in �the New Forest area, well away from any 'fall out'. A group of nurses and a doctor would be sent to each Tented Hospital. We learned all we could from the very concentrated course of special nursing but fortunately for us, and everyone else, we never had to use that knowledge. I was also Cadet Officer and had a lovely group of local girls, Susan Lain of Lain's Antique shop and her friend Ann Gilbert, Sandra Ellis from Ellis Nurseries, Barbara Millington and Maureen Stone, all from Westbourne. About twenty girls in all. Their uniform was adapted from the school uniform, i.e., navy or grey skirt with white blouse, beret with badge and an arm band when marching in a parade. I usually suggested a white woolly jumper under the blouse, rather than a coat on top, and they always looked very smart. We, in the Nursing Contingent, had to buy our own uniforms. This consisted of a blue working dress with cap and starched apron and cuffs and black shoes. For special parades we had a red dress with again the starched apron, cuffs and cap. There was also a coat and skirt costume, and overcoat and a hat or beret. We also always carried a shoulder bag filled with necessary first aid equipment. Looking back I have very fond memories of my time in the Emsworth Red Cross. Phyllis Farnham � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1418 Title A name given to the resource Before the Museum Came to 10a North Street Description An account of the resource Personal history of the Red Cross in Emsworth and the work of the National Hospital Service Reserve. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Farnham, Phyllis Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2012 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 31.08.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant mid 20th century Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Emsworth, Portsmouth Subject The topic of the resource ambulance, cold war, driving, first aid, hut, nursing, training, uniform Modes Classified Name Additional information relating to the object costume Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No.44, November 2012, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.6-7, EMHT1418 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/d3686e2b170e45622fdf1bddd00a00dd.pdf e202857b33bde72e5a58ab73541a1448 PDF Text Text Emsworth 1913 – Prelude to the First World War, and a remembrance of those who died Christmas 1912 had been particularly wet and on Boxing Day a gale "probably the roughest ever known" whipped the high tide to a frenzy and flooded the lower part of Queen Street. Residents had to take what they could of their possessions and carry them upstairs but an entrepreneurial spirit appeared and 'pick-a-back' rides were offered at a small charge*. The road between Emsworth and Southbourne was submerged and motorists, "on the way to Portsmouth from Brighton, got as far as the bridge, and had to return to Southbourne and to Havant by way of Westbourne and Denville." In February residents were disappointed to learn that the Rector, Rev Herbert G Sprigg, had decided to resign his post with effect from October in order to devote the remainder of his life to missionary work. He was 63 and had been Rector for 20 years during which he had served as President of the Trustees of the Cottage Hospital and had demonstrated a deep concern and offered support to the poor of the parish. The public affairs of the community were managed by Warblington District Council at its monthly meetings under the chairmanship of Harvey Dixon, a 53 year old retired architect from Storrington in Sussex and who lived at 'Kenton' on the Havant Road. A concern at the start of the year was the provision of allotments for use of members of the town, but at a rental price of 1s. a rod (about five metres) only eight men had indicated that they were prepared to take the allotments. By March the scheme had to be abandoned as the Clerk to the Council advised that although every effort had been made to effect economies, the lowest possible rental was "111/2d. per rod for 50 years", a figure too high to attract interest from the town. There were 12 members of the Council and in April 1913, four vacancies were open for election and were filled by Rev Charles Poyntz Sanderson, with 311 votes, George Pullen, landlord of The King's Arms, 246 votes, William Duffield, a builder, 199 votes and James Smith, a butcher 142 votes. In the 1911 Census, the population of Emsworth was 3,771 –1,643 males [women did not have the vote], of whom 941 were aged 21 plus, but it was only those liable to pay rates as property owners who were entitled to vote. The Rev Sanderson had retired as Rector of Doverdale, north of Worcester, in 1910, and lived in 'Highlands' on Havant Road. He took a prominent part in the town's civic life including being President of Emsworth Cricket Club. In April, at the annual supper and smoking concert of the Emsworth Men's Institute "devoted to conviviality", Rev Sanderson �in a hearty speech, said "how great a boon it would be to the town if the young men took interest in the proceedings of the local authority". At the May meeting of the new Council, now with Albert Tatchell, a retired rope manufacturer who had been born in Emsworth, serving as chairman, Rev Sanderson was appointed as the Council's representative on Hartley University Council, known today as The University of Southampton. At that meeting Rev Sanderson may have needed to express a conflict of interest. The Council had offered to build a pavilion for the Cricket Club on the recreation ground if the Club first contributed £10, an offer regarded as a slight by the Club, who went ahead and built a pavilion anyway and the Club "hoped no offence had been committed". On Wednesday, 2 July, a beautiful day "though slight rain fell in the evening" the annual fete of the Amalgamated Friendly Societies was held. A crowd of 3,000 watched the events in Mr Silver's meadow, near the Council School. "Among the more interesting events were boot races for teams of four, ladies shying a hammer at a dummy policeman, smokers' race, and needle and thread race ... all of which created much amusement". At the conclusion of the sports Miss Woolmer White distributed the prizes and was presented with a magnificent bouquet by little Miss Griffin, "and, on the call of Mr CJ Jones, hearty cheers were given". At the usual dinner, held in the Crown Hotel, Mr Woolmer White JP, presided with Mr Harvey Dixon JP in the Vice Chair. Woolmer White was a chemist who became Chairman of Timothy Whites. He represented Emsworth on Hampshire County Council and lived at Southleigh Park House with his wife Edith, whom he had married in 1883. They had two sons and two daughters. He was knighted in 1922 and died at Southleigh, aged 73, on 6 December 1931. In March 1913 he presided over the annual concert of the Primrose League. The League was founded in 1883 to support the conservative principles of Benjamin Disraeli, who had died two years earlier, and for whom the primrose was his favourite flower. At the Emsworth concert Mr Arthur Mant, son of James, a High Street butcher, provided humorous items. Arthur had a reputation for humour; in February at a concert in aid of funds for Emsworth Cottage Hospital he set the audience, "in roars of laughter with his humorous songs". At the end of the year, on Tuesday, 16 December, Arthur's sister Eve, married Ernest, the youngest son of John and Fanny Cribb of Bath Road. "The tradespeople, among whom the parents of the bride and groom are well known and highly respected, displayed flags and streamers across the street in profusion ... and the majority of ships in the harbour were gay with flags and buntings". What made the wedding unusual is that Ernest was a resident of �Prince George in British Colombia, and on Saturday, 20 December 1913, the married couple left Liverpool on the Virginian, bound for Canada. Perhaps the new Mr and Mrs Cribb had had time before their wedding to join the audience in the Town Hall to watch the production of "Oh Susannah", a farce written by Mark Ambient. "The acting was extremely good, and Miss Stella Kelly [the 18-year old daughter of Col. and Mrs Kelly of Northlands] who took the part of Aurora, the maid, was especially clever". The performance was under the patronage of Sir Frederick and Lady FitzWygram of Leigh Park House. Lady FitzWygram was president of the Voluntary Aid detachment of the Red Cross and within a year Northlands would become a Red Cross Hospital to treat casualties from the military engagements that engulfed the world. Possibly the first local man to be killed in that conflict was the eldest son of Mr Woolmer White, Lynton, a professional soldier, cavalry officer and a Lieutenant in the Dragoon Guards, who had been attached to the 2nd Battalion, the Queen's Bays, who died of his wounds in France on 3 September 1914. He lies with eight of his platoon in Baron Communal Cemetery, about 40 miles north east of Paris. They had been in France for a fortnight and had been detailed to help strengthen the French on the River Marne, resisting the advance of General von Kluck's first army. On reconnaissance on a misty early autumn morning Lt. Lynton White's patrol was attacked by German cavalry, his corporal, land-corporal and six private soldiers were killed. Lynton was wounded and died two days later. His name appears on the memorial in Emsworth and in St James' as well as on the Havant memorial and on a plaque in St Thomas a Becket church. Nevertheless it must have been galling to the family to read in an obituary to Sir Woolmer White, in The Times of 7 December 1931, that he left two daughters and a son, Rudolph Dymoke White who "served in the Great War", with no mention of the son that was lost. Lynton White was one of the first to be killed, one of the last was Rev Herbert Sprigg's only son, Henry. As mentioned before,' at the start of 1913 Rev Sprigg had announced his intention to resign his incumbency, but such was the protest within the parish, church warden Ernest Hallett, managing a bank in High Street, presented a petition with nearly 1,000 signatures, that he annulled his -resignation and remained as Rector until the end of January 1920. Henry was a captain in the 14 battalion of the Hampshire Regiment and was killed in Palestine on 9 May 1918. He lies with 3,300 others at the Ramleh War Cemetery in Israel. Sir Frederick FitzWygram, who had accompanied his mother to the performance of "Oh Susannah" had joined the Scots' Guards in 1906 and was part of the British Expeditionary Force that went to France in August 1914. On 16:May 1915 he was captured at Festubert, about five miles east of the French town of Bethune. He was released at the end of the war but never recovered full health, his final illness �originated with an attack of influenza, "but other complications ensued and the end came as a result of blood poisoning" (Portsmouth Evening News, Friday 7 May 1920). Three sons of the gentry were killed during WW1 and it is difficult to be specific as to how many others lost their lives; there are war memorials in St James' Church and in the Memorial Garden in Horndean Road that record the names of the fallen, but there are duplications and omissions. Using the 1911 Census there are 584 men resident in Emsworth aged between 15 and 40; that is men potentially eligible to serve in the 1914-18 war. To this number must be added 39 residents of Hermitage and Lumley to give a base population of 623. There are 149 names on the local memorials of men associated with Emsworth, which indicates an attrition of about 24%; a loss that is beyond comprehension, that affected the community in untold ways and whose sacrifice requires that we commemorate them and whose stories need to be told. *Quotations are taken from the weekly edition of The Hampshire Telegraph and Sussex Chronicle for 1913. Philip Robinson � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1359 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth 1913 - Prelude to the First World War and a remembrance of those who died Description An account of the resource Events in Emsworth leading up to the opening of hostilities in August 1914 and the deaths of three members of the gentry. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Robinson, Philip Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2013 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 11.06.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1912-1920 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Emsworth, France, Palestine, Southampton, Warblington Subject The topic of the resource church, concert, conflict, Council, entertainment, memorial, war Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 45, Nov. 2013, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.21-23, EMHT1351 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/1688c7f7d6636c5690185db8e94eeeda.pdf 9162279b2b7bc4917fd85496b62d4e92 PDF Text Text Family history tracing on the Internet The first thing many Museum visitors see on entering the main room is a family tree of an important Emsworth fishing family displayed on the left-hand side stand. The time is now past when those who were unable to travel were denied access to researching their own family tree. Today, a great deal can be achieved by using internet access – either at home or the public library. A huge number of resources are available online – many are free – though the most comprehensive records for British researchers are accessed via Ancestry (www.ancestry.co.uk) or Findmypast (www.findinypast.co.uk). Each of these services charges fees – either on a pay-as-you-go basis or through an annual subscription. Many public libraries also offer free access to these services. The services also have online guides to help you get started. (At the time of writing, both are offering 14-day free trials and Ancestry is offering free access to the 1911 census). The two services have slightly different offerings – and these are being added to constantly. They both offer access to census records – which are some of the most useful records for the 19th and early 20th centuries. Generally a researcher would access an indexed transcript before drilling down to the original entries. Some researchers swear by Ancestry, while others favour Findmypast, which is my personal favourite. Professional genealogists are likely to subscribe to both. Getting Started Most family historians will begin with whatever knowledge and records their family may have kept. Any family stories need to be treated with some care – as they may have been 'embroidered' over time – though will generally contain some basis in fact. Where they are sketchy, some real detective work will be needed – but that is probably the main fun in discovering family history. Let's say you have a marriage certificate as a starting point, and that the marriage date was prior to 1950. It will help you go back a generation as the certificate will contain the 'declared' ages of both spouses together with the names of the fathers and their occupations. It will also show the partners' addresses at the date of marriage. Online services above include access to indexes covering the Registrar General's records of Births, Marriages and Deaths. There is also a free service: www.freebmd.org. which was created by volunteers. If you decide to obtain any copies of certificates for your research, remember that the cheapest source is the official General Register Office site for £9.25 (see www.gov.uk/order-copy-birth-death-marriage-certificate). In all cases, it helps if the surname that you are researching is less common. Smith family lines are more difficult to follow. The other useful factor is a connection with a family village or town over a long period, a particular trade, eg fisherman, innkeeper or boatbuilder or family Christian names which passed down the generations. All these factors can help you to look in the right places and identify likely people when you find them. When looking for births after the third quarter of 1911, the index helpfully contains the mother's maiden name, which could lead back another generation. �Using Census Returns When looking for entries, local knowledge is invaluable. Failing that, it helps to keep an atlas or place name index to hand – both to assist in interpreting census entries and also in deciding if a particular one might be yours. If you are using the 1841 census, uniquely taken in June of that year, and searching for Emsworth sea-going relatives, it is highly likely that some entries would have been made under their summer seasonal employment on this particular occasion. Two fishermen were listed in the 1861 census (taken, like all the others in April) under 'persons temporarily absent', whilst the Shipping Schedules listed in the 1891 census gives the crews of the Evolution and Osprey as absent. Familiarising yourself with local maps is also very useful and can be quite fascinating. A modern atlas or Google maps may provide a start. The large-scale county street atlases are good. On the internet, www.old-maps.co.uk allows you to browse historic maps of your location free and can show you how somewhere looked at a particular time – including tiny hamlets which may no longer exist. Census transcripts should be treated with care – as they frequently contain errors or omit information present on the original. After finding an entry you think is relevant, always look at the original image. This may reveal that the name in the transcription is incorrect, eg one I found showed MIDOMSON instead of WIDDOWSON. In another case, under occupation was shown 'errant boy' – though the original intention must have been 'errand boy' unless they were remarking on his character. The writing on the page can often be faint (as some originals used pencil), handwriting may be poor or simply unfamiliar. It does become easier to interpret with practice. There are more problems with the 1911 census where the transcriptions have been made from the original schedules submitted by individual households — containing the handwriting of eight million different people. The good part is that it allows access to the schedules actually signed by your ancestor. See www.1911census.co.uk for more information. One of the commercial providers had the work carried out in the Philippines and is rumoured to have used prisoners to complete many of the entries – people who may have lacked education and a lot of the local knowledge which helps make things clear (There is an interesting note regarding this as www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/foi/1911-census-transcription.hym). The commercially-prepared indexes tend to contain many obvious errors – though they do invite you to submit corrections where you find mistakes. Where family history society information, which has been produced by local volunteers, is used, it tends to be much more reliable. Finding Particular Names You need to be flexible and use a little imagination in your search. If you are looking for a woman who was called 'Mary Ann' look for other variations eg 'Mary A' or simply 'Mary'. While the search engines often have a tick box to 'include variants' this does not always seem to pick up on all of these. If the name is not too common, you can search simply by the surname – particularly where you have a good idea of the county or parish where they were likely to have lived or been born. �Use other names in the household to help narrow down the search (if you know them) eg names of parents and/or siblings. When someone proves elusive you may need to use the information that you have as a check – while widening the net. Look at the likeliest (nearest) parishes/counties and in London (where many people gravitated at one time or another) and work through the possibilities that you find. Once you have found an individual in the census, you can work backwards (sometimes forwards) by calculating approximate ages and date of birth (DOB) from a particular year. It is worth noting that ages in the census (and therefore calculations based upon them) are often incorrect, due to rounding, deliberate misreporting or errors. Flexibility and the use of intelligent assumptions can be useful here too. Suppose you have found someone in the census for 1851 – yet can't immediately find their entries for other years. First look for variations on the name – both look-alikes and sound-alikes. Bear in mind that the 1841 census entry is unlikely to tell you much information – as it contains no birthplaces — only whether born 'in county' or outside it. You may still want it for general information. However, it may be more useful to first go forward to 1861 and later. This can be especially valuable, since at this time older relatives whose spouses had died often had to come and live with their children. When, for example, a widowed mother becomes part of the household, it provides evidence of another generation – with possibly another birthplace or surname known. Conclusion There is a huge amount of family history potentially available online. However, it is always wise to check original records – and not to simply rely upon transcripts. For me, the greatest satisfaction comes from visiting and photographing the places where my ancestors lived. It is also worthwhile consulting records of the local County record Offices (as many are unlikely to have been digitised). Happy hunting! Sylvia Courtnage � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1358 Title A name given to the resource Family history tracing on the internet Description An account of the resource How to get started on tracing your family history including using census returns and finding surnames. Many web addresses given. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Courtnage, Sylvia Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2013 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 11.06,2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 19th century, 20th century, 21st century Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Britain Subject The topic of the resource census, family history, genealogy, internet, transcription, website Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No.45, Nov. 2013, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.18-20, EMHT1351 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/db88fbfa408b6dd2767a6c31adeda4fb.pdf 522b5e1337283ed717e248aa70f936ad PDF Text Text Beauty lurking in the Museum Storeroom In the Museum storeroom, amongst the tubes of rolled modem Ordnance Survey and reproduction maps there lies a little gem. Rolled onto a mahogany roller you know as soon as you see it, and even before unrolling, that it is something special. Heavily browned and foxed, and falling off both its mahogany roller and linen backing, it is a sorry sight, and now difficult to read in parts. It is, to give its full title: A MAP OF HAYLING ISLAND — in the County of HANTS, in which are delineated, The New Buildings, Recorded and Designed at the Watering Place of the South Beach, ALSO the Boundaries of Each Parish and of the Separate Tithings SHEWING Every Place which forms such boundaries and over which they pass and the side along which they run. SURVEYED AND EXECUTED IN LITHOGRAPH BY I.T. & C. LEWIS, WINCHESTER, 1834. That's about the top and bottom of it, but having said that I knew nothing of the cartographers. However I know a man who does. He is Robert West and has written authoritatively about Charles Lewis in particular. I quote extensively with his permission from his booklet "Charles Lewis, Surveyor and Auctioneer in nineteenth century Havant, August 2013, from the SPRING Arts and Heritage Centre, Havant, price 50p. Charles Lewis was born in 1801 in Portsmouth, but lived in Havant for most of his life except for brief periods when he lived first in Fishbourne and then in Warblington, at least between 1838 and 1841 in the case of the latter. He was a significant figure in 19th century Havant, being first resident surveyor, a cartographer, auctioneer, valuer, estate agent, insurance agent, enclosure commissioner and lithographic printer. Charles had a brother, John Theophilis with whom he collaborated to produce, in particular, the two earliest surviving large-scale printed maps of the Havant area. Separately Charles was responsible for the Tithe Map of 1842 covering the same area. The Havant map mentioned above was one of a series of a dozen that Charles produced with his brother between 1828 and 1836 for sale to the general public. Quite a lot of information can be determined about these maps from advertisements placed in the Hampshire Telegraph. In July 1837, for example, they listed the complete set together with their publication dates. Among these is the map of Hayling Island held in Emsworth Museum which is clearly a later issue since the advertisement refers to a publication date of 1830, while the museum's map is dated 1834. One other thing of interest about these maps is their production through lithography. Although invented in Germany in 1795, European conflicts constrained the spread of knowledge about the technique, and so did not become common in Britain until after 1825. This is the date at which John Theophilis first advertises his services as a lithographic printer in Winchester, the earliest reference to the trade in Hampshire. It is impossible to be certain how successful the maps were. The Havant and Portsea maps can be found quite readily indicating that a reasonable number of them were sold. Others are not so common, with Robert West claiming not to have been able to trace certain of them. Rarer still are the de luxe editions, and the museum map is one of these. It is in a sorry state but I believe it can be restored for a cost of around £200. This probably exceeds its worth, but certainly not its value. Arty and Robert West will be making the case to the museum over the coming months for the map's restoration. Any other expressions of support would be most welcome and should be made to the Emsworth Museum Administrator. Through the eyes and mouth of Robert West And through the ears of Arty Fact PS: The Museum is pleased to possess this map (Acc No 1128) donated by Mr G Higgins in 2004. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1357 Title A name given to the resource Arty Fact No. 2: Beauty lurking in the Museum Storeroom Description An account of the resource The 'beauty' is an 1834 map of Hayling Island by brothers, John Theophilis and Charles Lewis. Article includes details of the life of Charles Lewis. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Arty Fact West, Robert Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2013 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 11.06.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 19th century Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Havant, Hayling Island Subject The topic of the resource lithography, surveyor, Tithe map Modes Classified Name Additional information relating to the object map Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 45, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.17-18, EMHT1351 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/8e643444873f4e9dd221e8ac980905dc.pdf 5153fd7ec08fe9e425d0724573e1338e PDF Text Text Emsworth's Visiting Dentist MR MALLESON DENTIST and CUPPER, (of the late law firm of Heywood and Malleson, London) in respectfully soliciting the patronage of the inhabitants of Chichester and its vicinity, begs to assure those who favour him by their notice, of his best endeavours, being at all times used to merit their approbation. ARTIFICIAL TEETH supplied, and the regulation of Children's Teeth that important requisite to their future preservation and beauty of appearance, carefully attended to. EXTRACTION is on the usual terms, and all other operations on the TEETH at an equally moderate charge. CUPPING. This operation, which, when properly performed, is attended with but little pain and rarely exceeds ten minutes in duration, is highly beneficial in all complaints of the head, arising from fullness of blood, such as pains, heaviness, swimming, giddiness, &c the usual forerunners of apoplexy and paralytic attacks. Terms for Cupping at home 3s. 6d. Abroad in Chichester 5s. 0d. Out of Chichester according to distance. Mr Malleson will attend at Mr Stride's Post Office, Emsworth, on Thursday 23rd May, from eleven till three, and every alternate Thursday at the same hours. North-street Chichester, nearly opposite Council Chamber. D on't be alarmed! The advertisement above appeared in The Hampshire Telegraph on 20 May 1833. An advertisement announcing Mr Harry Malleson's arrival in the area had appeared previously in The Hampshire Telegraph on 4 June 1832. MR MALLESON, DENTIST and CUPPER of the late firm of Heywood and Malleson, London, respectfully announces his having resumed his Professional Pursuits at Portsmouth, on his usual moderate terms, 39, St Thomas's Street. In the 19th century dentistry was not a recognised profession, as the reproduced print of 1823 illustrates. Barbers and general physicians would carry out dental procedures. The barbers would limit their practice to extracting teeth to alleviate pain and historically dental extractions were used to treat a variety of illnesses. Cupping is an ancient medical treatment that relies upon creating local suction to mobilise blood flow in order to promote healing. The cupping-glass was applied to the skin to draw blood to the area by exhausting the air from the glass using heat. It was surprising to learn that cupping is a much loved treatment among celebrities today as reported in The Daily Mail this year, 2013. The actress Jennifer Aniston was pictured with cupping marks on her back relying on the therapy to boost her fertility. However others take the view that there is no good �evidence that cupping helps any condition – except the dreaded condition of celebrities craving attention. Mr Malleson was to use a room in Mr John Stride's Post Office*. At that time the Post Office was situated somewhere between The Crown and The Ship on the High Street in Emsworth. He aimed to visit this temporary surgery every two weeks for four hours every other Thursday to treat patients. The Post Office in Emsworth was established on 23 December 1829 and John Stride, a professional librarian, was appointed Emsworth's first Deputy Postmaster with a 'bond' of £300. The letters arrived every morning at 8am and departed each evening at 6pm. In 1834 he was dismissed and replaced by James Cobby. Harry Malleson was married to Marie Francoise Pfender, who was Swiss, on 28 December in Chelsea. In 1833 she also placed an advertisement offering education and tuition in French to two young ladies along with two others and her two daughters Mary and Emily, as day boarders or pupils. The following advertisement was really the start of my interest in Mr Malleson. On 11 April 1836 in The Hampshire Telegraph: MR MALLESON, DENTIST, Little London, Chichester, respectfully announces that he continues to supply ARTIFICIAL TEETH from a single Tooth to a complete set, without the slightest pain, and calculated to answer every purpose of mastication and articulation. Scaling, Stopping &c, and every operation connected with Teeth, on moderate terms. What had sparked my interest was that as a dentist I used to practise in Little London more than 30 years ago. Unfortunately an announcement in The London Gazette on 2 December 1837 finds Mr Malleson at Horsham at the Court for the relief of insolvent debtors. He is described as a cupper, dentist and dispensing assistant to a surgeon. Later the 1841 Census describes Henry Malleson, 50 years old, as having a change of profession, now a Schoolmaster. He is living with his wife and three children Frederick, Mary and Emily in the parish of Storrington. I understand Harry Nathaniel Paice Malleson died in 1844 in Thakenham, Sussex. Cupping may have returned but I cannot predict that the dentistry of 1823 will make a reappearance any time soon. Wendy Bright BDS (Birm.) *The Great Britain Philatelic Society Deputy Postmaster Appointments Thanks go to Roy and Sheila Morgan, Linda Newell and Margaret Rogers for their help and encouragement in the writing of this article. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1356 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth's Visiting Dentist Description An account of the resource History of Harry Malleson, dentist and cupper, with one illustration and three advertisements. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bright, Wendy Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2013 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 11.06.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1823 to 2013 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Chichester, Emsworth, London, Portsmouth Subject The topic of the resource artificial teeth, cupping, dentist, dentistry, health, Post Office, postmaster Modes Classified Name Additional information relating to the object advertisement Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 45, Nov. 2013, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.15-17, EMHT 1351 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/33630afc969158153f6c499ad24b3d7b.pdf a4e94df62b5353794f21aaa0a0fcd403 PDF Text Text 1 Queen Street/2 King Street — Unusual House — Unusual 'Finds' It was indeed fortunate for the Trust that in 1985, five years before he was due to retire, that George Cassedy visited Emsworth and saw the "For Sale" sign on the property on the corner of King and Queen Streets. It was still two separate homes and both were in a poor state of repair. The unoccupied King Street house had a bathroom but the Queen Street part, with its long-term tenant, lacked inside facilities. George decided to purchase the house – the two properties were being sold as one item. Very soon afterwards the tenant, Mr Gale, moved out. George spent his early years in the local area. Born in Southampton, he and his family came to Portsmouth when his father got a job in the city. During WW11 when their home was bombed they were billeted in Hambledon. After the war George attended a Technical College, joined the Sea Scouts, and took up an apprenticeship as a shipwright in Portsmouth Dockyard. As a young married man he went to live in Leigh Park and his younger daughter was born in the Northlands Maternity Hospital in Emsworth. He acquired and re-built a sailing dinghy and taught his two daughters to sail at Hayling Island. When George got a job as a sound recording engineer with the BBC the family moved away from the area and settled in London. Although George has owned the property for over 25 years he has never lived in it but in 1991 when he retired, with more time to spare, he set to with great enthusiasm to learn as much as he could about the house, its history, the way it was built and its previous occupants. He decided this was a project well worth taking on and his aim was to gain whatever knowledge he could from the restoration work he needed to do and pass it on to others with similar interests. This led him to have many discussions with David Rudkin, Strahan Soames, Roy and Sheila Morgan and others who were actively involved with the history of Emsworth. His widow Emily says that initially there was no thought of 'finding' anything in the house but an infestation of dry rot meant the complete removal of wooden floors and partitions and some plasterwork. It was whilst this was being done that a well, constructed of South Downs chalk blocks, was found under the kitchen floorboards. When it was excavated it was found to have been filled in with material that was probably brought up from the foreshore – the top layer was very fine silvery sand but as they dug deeper the grains became grit, then gravel, then small pebbles and finally large pebbles. The well with all the rubble removed now contains "grey" water – and Emily says it can be used for 'flushing'. However, important items were found later when the joists were exposed in a bedroom. Here they located one complete tricorn hat and the remains of another one – both probably from 1790/1810. George and Emily arranged for them to be refurbished by the Textile Department of the V & A and they are at present on loan to Emsworth Museum and on display for everyone to see. It is very unusual for a small museum to have an original tricorn hat and we have two and are extremely pleased to have them. Another discovery was a child's leather shoe, of the same date, found squashed flat under a window sill. George carefully treated the leather with applications of dubbin and then returned it to where he found it. I understand that in �the past shoes have often been placed by windows or doors (where people enter a building) as good luck symbols and to ward off evil. When the fireplace in the parlour downstairs was being cleared several stems and bits of clay pipe were found. It is easy to imagine an elderly gentleman sitting warming himself by the fire on a cold winter night and peacefully smoking his clay pipe until it broke. As it was no longer of use it was discarded into the hearth. There are no markings on the pieces that came from the house – I wonder if they were made in the clay pipe works at the bottom of Queen Street. Next time you are walking past the house look at the decorative cast-iron window fenders on the ground floor window sills. Often seen on older style properties they are very useful now for making sure that window box plant holders don't fall. There are two items in the museum that George was instrumental in obtaining but that didn't come from the Queen Street/King Street house. They are the lion garden seat and a grandfather clock. George frequently visited the museum and was concerned that there were very few chairs for visitors to sit on to admire the displays. He decided that he would like to rectify this and thought that a traditional garden bench would be ideal. He sourced a cast-iron one and with the help of Philip Dridge (Weldrite, Station Garage) and Jack Barrett had it completely rebuilt. It is still in the main room of the museum – a comfortable place for visitors to rest. George was also responsible for negotiations that eventually led to Mrs Peggy MacDonald's family loaning the grandfather clock that stands beside the door of the museum's Main Room. The clock was made by Joseph Collins, an Emsworth clockmaker, who had lived in North Street. As a well travelled sound engineer with the BBC George visited many parts of the world. He was a member of the BBC team that went to America and filmed what is probably the last interview with P G Wodehouse – another link with Emsworth. Locally George used his skills to record interviews with David Rudkin and Norman Boutell, and these can be found with the oral history recordings in the museum's Archive Room. Written by Dorothy Bone from information provided by Emily Cassedy Child’s leather shoe found squashed under a window sill � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1355 Title A name given to the resource 1 Queen Street/2 King Street - Unusual House - Unusual 'Finds' Description An account of the resource Life history of George Cassedy and the Emsworth house he bought and renovated. Includes photograph of child's leather shoe. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bone, Dorothy Cassedy, Emily Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2013 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 11.06.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 18th century and 20th century Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. King Street, Queen Street, Emsworth Subject The topic of the resource child's shoe, clay pipe, garden bench, grandfather clock, house, property, sound recording, tricorn hat Modes Classified Name Additional information relating to the object bench, footware, headgear, longcase clock, smoking pipe Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No 45, Nov. 2013, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.13-15, EMHT1351 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/22988097bac7b69555d24bc5808500c9.pdf cf85edb41c794f81d486b40959dc0783 PDF Text Text Around the Museum with Arty Fact: No. I. - An Old Hampshire History Book You may have seen it, you may have not — the little old book at the bottom of the columnar cabinet in the August exhibition 25th Birthday Celebrations of Emsworth Museum'. It was simply entitled Hampshire and was open at a point showing a map of Hampshire and the page facing was entitled Hampshire. This is the first printed page but actually is number 845. The details of the map are easy to determine, but those of the book are not. I will follow the tale told in RA Carroll's Printed Maps of Lincolnshire, 1576-1900, as this seems a little more complete than the accounts in other county carto-bibliographic texts. It is one of the most recently published (1996) and draws on many other county bibliographies. I take no credit therefore for the detailed research underlying what follows, as for the most part the work and words are those of Carroll. At this point, and perversely, I will cease the convention of crediting statements to Carroll in case there is objection to any changes, insertions and interpretations that I make, and that may cause missrepresentation of his intention. The map is by Robert Morden, as it says, and was published originally in 1701. It had been made a little earlier, around 1693, for publication in Edmund Gibson's edition of Camden's Britannica, but rejected possibly on the grounds that this particular series of county maps were too small. Morden had to produce a larger set of maps in doublequick time to fit the bill. Despite this Britannica proved popular so that these larger Morden maps exist in relatively large numbers. As a result this series of smaller maps did not appear until the publication of Morden's New Description and State of England in 1701. The maps show the same errors as Morden's larger maps indicating that they had been summarily dropped without a substantial second stage revision, and that the larger maps were mainly hurried copies of them. The New Description ... was not a great success since it was difficult to sell smaller versions of maps to anyone who may have bought the larger ones. Nevertheless it was re-published in 1704, one year after Morden's death. A general air of failure seems to have hung over these maps, almost like a Jonah's touch, for they appear never to have been part of any seriously successful project. Then again failure breads rarity, although not always does this convert into value. Morden's smaller map plates re-appear as the basis of Fifty-six new and accurate maps of Great Britain, Ireland and Wales, 1708 in a project steered by Hermann Moll who made a number of corrections to the plates and additionally produced the remaining plates (Morden had only covered the English counties). The plates then form the basis of the publication Magna Britannia et Hibernia which commenced in 1714 with a somewhat chequered history. Magna Britannica is one of the first works to be issued in serial (monthly) form and it is surprising it wasn't the last. The plans for it had been set sometime before 1708 within the framework of a much larger work Atlas Geographus: or a compleat system of geography, ancient and modern. This latter began publication in June 1708, at a cost of 1s. per monthly issue, and, by the end of 1710, the whole of Europe �(excepting Great Britain and Ireland) had been completed. The much-delayed publication of the other three continents was finally completed in 1716. From the start there was a certain drift in the project deadlines, there being frequent and sometimes lengthy breaks in the target of monthly issues. The amount of information about Great Britain and Ireland however had grown, since planned, to such an extent that it was the cause of considerable drift while plans for its publication were settled. Various announcements of imminent publication had been made since 1710, and then in 1712 it was decided to issue it as a supplement to Atlas Geographus and separately from the rest of Europe. Despite this it took another two years for the first of the monthly issues to appear. Still the project laboured on, with frequent and lengthy breaks (one of some two years) between issues as ownership changed either through disinterest or demise (possibly both) of the partners. Given the timespan one can imagine similar afflictions affecting the subscribers, making it difficult to keep an accurate list of who were current and who were not. During delays, information kept accumulating causing further delay, and it was not until April 1731 that the final issue (no. 92) was published. In all it had taken close on 18 years to complete the Great Britain and Ireland section. The entire work entitled Magna Britannia et Hibernia was bound into six volumes, and published as each volume became available. The first two were published around 1720 by E & R Nutt and J Morphew, with volume two containing Hampshire. Quirkily the title page of this latter volume refers to the county as being 'Southampton', while the title within the text is 'Hampshire', both commonly used in old documents; it is just the inconsistency that is unusual. The remaining volumes appeared in the period 1724-31 principally due to the efforts of Thomas Cox (now the sole owner of the project), which is the cause of some confusion that exists even to the present day (a different Thomas Cox is credited with writing major parts of the text and there is some debate as to who this exactly was). Despite the title of the publication, the Irish counties were never produced. Hence it is possible that even today, someone, somewhere, could be holding, by bequest, a piece of paper promising imminent delivery of the Irish section. It is clear that consumer protection was not fully enshrined in British law in the 18th century. That was not the only quirkiness in the project for the structure of the British section was odd in itself. It had been decided early on that the counties would be issued in alphabetical order and that each county would appear as a separate monthly part. Perhaps someone should have let the editor know, for this simple aspiration was immediately thwarted by the Introduction. Running to 21/2 parts it meant that the individual counties had now to be issued as two separate half parts, with the first half of a county's description appearing as the second half of a monthly issue, and its second, concluding, half forming the first half of the next monthly issue, while the page numbers ran consecutively from one monthly issue to the next. Is that all clear? Good, because then came Kent! You may not know that Kent was the subject of the first county topographical study (by William Lambarde, c1570), so quite a lot was known about Kent. In fact the totality of material here demanded that several monthly issues needed to be devoted to this county's coverage. Ha-ha you say, an opportunity to get back to the original �intention of one county per single monthly issue perhaps? No, Lancashire still appeared in two separate parts, presumably it having been concluded by now that issuing a county in two monthly parts actually had a certain business sense, since individual county subscribers would have to make two purchases, as opposed to one, to obtain their full county description. From this take it is not difficult to conclude that the individual monthly issues are rare, indeed Carroll claims "those of Lincolnshire have not been found". One contributory factor is that subscribers once their particular interest had been met would have likely combined the relevant halves and wholes of the monthly issues to form a single county booklet. This was not exceptional since texts were generally issued in "Publishers' Boards", with bookbinding a bespoke service through much of the 18th and 19th centuries. Between 1724 and 1731, Thomas Cox (the publisher and seller) advertised the availability of certain counties as separate entities some judicious time after the county material had been published. Such individual county booklets had to overcome another quirk of the monthly issues, whereby the second part of a county's coverage ended with a mileage chart with the first page of the following county's coverage printed on its verso. In fact surprisingly the most common form of the work to be found, according to Carroll, is as one of the six volumes. This is strange, for it indicates that quite a number of subscribers must have lasted, if not the full distance, then for a considerable period. There was a small release of individual counties by subsequent project partners (now Ward and Chandler) in 1738, made by assembling the two halves and the relevant wholes. These latter overcame the split county parts problem by publishing a new title page for each of the counties with a reset first page of the county on its verso. So what of the little book in Emsworth Museum. Despite what has been researched and written by Carroll, it has to be said that the history of Magna Britannia et Hibernia remains more exhausting than exhaustive. Let me try and pick through the pieces. The Emsworth book has the ownership inscription "Philip Chandley, Ringwood, Hants, his book, 1740" written by an ancient hand at the rear. The lack of a title page however suggested that it is not one of the later 1738 edition due to Ward and Chandler. There is a suggestion (footnote 18, p. 67, Carroll) that the individual county booklets released in 1724 by Thomas Cox also might well have included a newly printed title page, and on this basis I dismiss the possibility from the Emsworth case. As to date, "1716" is credited by the donor (JE Barratt, a great supporter of Emsworth Museum) and this corresponds to the time of publication of the two monthly issues comprising Hampshire. For this reason my preference is that it has been formed by a private subscriber in 1716, who fortunately did not have too much of a wait to obtain the Hampshire parts. The Museum is pleased to possess this item that it received by donation with accession no. 66-2. From a personal point of view it is an extremely interesting book, and I haven't read a word of it yet! Acknowledgements: I wish to record debts of gratitude incurred in the writing of this article to Roy and Sheila Morgan, and Margaret Rogers. Arty Fact � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1354 Title A name given to the resource Arty Fact No. 1: An Old Hampshire History Book Description An account of the resource The history book includes a map of Hampshire by Robert Morden, first published in 1701. Further details in article about the publication of other Morden maps together with other County maps. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Arty Fact Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.112013 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 11.06.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant c1570 to 1900 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Hampshire, Kent, Lincolnshire Subject The topic of the resource cartography, map making, printing plates Modes Classified Name Additional information relating to the object map, printing matrix Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 45, Nov. 2013, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.10-13, EMHT1351 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/4be64ac05fece798d8759777b6584480.pdf ba798d55742399762f9e654582b19b97 PDF Text Text Drove Ways, Footpaths and Fifth Class Roads There is almost no limit to the descriptive names given to tracks followed by man in this part of England for thousands of year. Once a particular route became favoured because of ease of going, and perhaps relative safety and access to refreshment, it tended to develop an identity of its own with, eventually, its own type of infrastructure. Although early man has inhabited Britain for several hundred thousand years and 'modern man' for tens of thousands, it was probably not until some three or four thousand years ago that he succeeded in domesticating the horse and so transport more than he could himself carry. Whilst the seasonal droving of animals between pastures was common, the need to move large numbers of livestock from remote breeding areas to markets nearer growing towns encouraged the development of droving routes perhaps 50 feet wide and hundreds of miles long. Typically, 600 Welsh black cattle or 2,000 sheep would be brought from Wales or the west country by a licensed drover, a horseman, four sidesmen and a few dogs. Routes were often waymarked by evergreen trees and the stopping places, stances, by 'clumps' of trees often close to droving inns known as 'hutts' (as West Meon Hut) with eight acres or so of grazing land and a pond or stream. Remarkably, dogs could be sent home alone, retracing the outward route and stopping places for prepaid food. Drove Ways from Wales and the West Country had a significant node near Alresford and, more locally, near Chalton with feeder routes for markets and fairs at Cosham, Havant, Emsworth and Chichester. Drove Ways fell into disuse with the coming of railways but local names such as Drift Road, live on. Present day Public Rights of Way, usually unpaved and not intended to carry full motorised vehicular traffic, fall into one of five classifications:  Public Footpaths (FP) for use only on foot and, where it is possible, disabled people may use a 'mobility scooter' or 'powered wheelchair'.  Public Bridleways (BW) may be used by horseriders and pedal cyclists.  Restricted Byways (RBW) may also be used by horse drawn carriages and carts.  Byways Open to All Traffic (BOAT) allow limited use by motorised vehicles.  Cycleways are for cyclists and pedestrians, often newly created or adapted from public footpaths. We have no RBWs locally and only one BOAT, 66A, which begins at Long Copse Lane and becomes BW66B as it passed through Hollybank Woods. There are more BWs near Rowlands Castle and, BW132, the ancient Wadeway to Hayling, at Langstone. There is evidence of its later usage even though, in 1823, it was cut by the Portsmouth & Arundel Canal. This Heritage Site is maintainable by the CC but has suffered much from recent neglect and illegal bait digging. County Councils are notorious for neglecting their Statutory Duty to assert, protect, maintain and mark our public rights of way. A public path six feet wide all the way from Slipper Mill to Prinsted was granted by the Inclosure Awards. In places it (now FP203/204) has recently been barely two feet wide. When the mandatory Public Footpath signpost at the King Street end of FP76 Dolphin Quay path was reported as in poor condition, Hampshire CC removed the sign and several others as "it is CC policy not to sign urban paths as this would not be an appropriate use of public money". "Once a Highway, always a Highway", but there are a number of paths locally that are either not yet shown on the Definitive Path Map and Statement or are recorded with lesser rights than they have actually acquired in the course of time. "Fisherman's Walk" or "Westwood's Road" leads southward from Emsworth Public Jetty nearly to Fowley Island. It is now well documented, thanks to the Harbour Conservancy. It was used to access the oyster beds and connected with two useful low tide hards or landing places. Another curiosity is the ancient, and at one time only, public "Road or Causeway at low water" to Thorney. It is so marked on Yeakell & Gardner's 1778 map and later OS maps. From the east end �of King Street, after fording the Ems the road continued southward and then south-eastward along the foreshore to where the present (but once private) northern part of Thorney Island meets Thomham Lane. From there it continued by way of Eames Island and low tide causeways to West Thorney village. Adoption of northern Thorney Road and major land reclamation in the 1870s facilitated all year dry access to Thorney. Although the now dreadfully obstructed and unlawfully encroached upon Right of Way from the shore to Thomham Lane is presently listed as FP3675, it has been previously recorded as a 'cart track', 'green lane' and even a 'Fifth Class County Road'. James Colbourne Sometimes it helps if we are reminded of the true definitions of commonly used words. These are some which might be helpful relating to roads: Bridle Path A path suitable for horses and pedestrians and from which vehicles are legally barred. Legislation has tended to make the pedestrian's right to the use of bridle paths stronger than on a footpath. Drove Road A road of ancient origin not subject to toll and principally used for longdistance herding of cattle to market towns. It was not usually kept in repair by any authority. Alternatively called a Drift Road. Footpaths Highways Act 1835 Highways Act 1862 The National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 defines a footpath as a 'highway over which the public has a right of way on foot only.' Maps showing footpaths have to be available to the public at County Council offices. Footpaths are shown on Ordnance Survey maps as lines of red dots. County Councils are able to close footpaths but the extinguishment order has to be approved at government level. Footpaths may be diverted if this leads to better land use; if the termination point is a road this may be altered, but otherwise the termination point must remain as before. Liability for the maintenance of footpaths is often unknown, but parish councils are empowered to do the work. It provided for the unification of parishes into highway district authorities and allowed the employment of a paid district surveyor. This Act empowered the justices to compulsorily unite parishes into highway authorities where they thought it necessary. (These dictionary definitions were taken from The Local Historian’s Encyclopedia (3rd edition) by John Richardson, (2003)). � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1353 Title A name given to the resource Drove Ways, Footpaths and Fifth Class Roads Description An account of the resource Definition and classification of Rights of Way. Emphasis on Rights of Way in Hampshire and West Sussex. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Colbourne, James Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2013 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 11.06.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1778 to present Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Hampshire, Wales, West Sussex Subject The topic of the resource bridle path, causeway, cycle way, drove road, fifth class road, footpath, transport Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 45, Nov. 2013, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.8-9, EMHT1351 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/3c2078935b5a93d6908cc88f78b4a50a.pdf 916dc60e36a8084c3d268bef5b23b104 PDF Text Text Edward Sandell — A Continuing Story D on't you just love research! Just when you notice that the eureka moments are beginning to dwindle and you are starting to feel embarrassed by the singular topic of your conversation, something comes to light and sets you going again. And so it proved to be the case with Edward Sandell, whom I wrote about in last year's Echo. For his reappearance here, blame Barry Mapley for alerting me to other Sandell prints, and Geoff Higgins who, after faithfully answering my umpteen requests for genealogical searches, made the thoughtful suggestion that I take out my own subscription to Find My Past. Edward Sandell was born on 30 August 1806 and baptised at St Luke's on 7 May 1809. Dismiss immediately the 1841 census record that he was 30. This census seems to have adopted the ridiculous measure of recording age to the nearest ten years. Edward's father, David, was a successful businessman who was admitted to the Company of Stationers on 12 March 1799, sponsored by his father Joseph. David was the 38th of 50 freemen in the Company, paying 46s.8d. for the honour. Edward therefore came from a reasonably well-to-do background, and so much of what I interpreted in last year's article as social climbing would appear to be more a case of his trying to attain the social standing within the Emsworth community that he had previously enjoyed. One early reference to Edward Sandell appears in the London Standard of 9 July 1830. This carries a report of an appeal to the Court of Compensation, Southwark, against the level of the financial offer made in the case of the compulsory purchase of Edward Sandell's business premises at 283 High Street, Southwark. Edward was an oil and colourman and the order was in "compliance with the Act of the 10th of Geo IV, respecting the London-bridge approaches". Judging from the Court report, a careful and comprehensive set of business figures successfully managed to raise the compensation offered from £700 to £1,630.8s.0d. The same personal traits are evident in the advertisement in The London Literary Gazette of 7 August 1830 for "The Artisan's Table for immediately ascertaining the Amount of Wages due, calculated from Half an Hour to Twelve Days, in Ten Working Hours per day, at the progressive raises from Ten to Forty Shillings". The advertisement appears in the same place on a number of subsequent occasions, and judging by this he made money from the publication. At this point Edward is aged just 24, and is clearly an intelligent and educated man displaying the thoroughness and diligence required of a book-keeper and accountant, indeed a Public Accountant as he is destined to become at a later stage. His only other recorded publication The Ready-made Ledger-Index published in 1871 seems to confirm this assessment, a publication I fear is likely to forever lie at the Maastricht Treaty end of the spectrum of page-turnability. So why did Edward Sandell come to live in Emsworth? Did his father send him away as the younger son to learn a trade? He had an elder brother called David, born in 1801, who presumably was first-in-line to take over their father's business. Perhaps this was the intention, but things did not work out that way, for David jnr went to live in Sculcoates, Hull, Yorkshire and in the 1841 census was working in the Gasworks. By 1851 he had become Manager of the Gasworks and also an Alderman. Later he moved to Scarborough and died there in 1887. This suggests that Edward Sandell probably came to Emsworth of his own volition to try to make his own way in life. Whatever the explanation, Edward was here a little earlier than I thought. The first record of Edward Sandell living in Emsworth occurs in The Hampshire Advertiser, 24 December 1836, announcing a lecture entitled Calligraphy, to be given at the Mechanics Institute, Chichester on 10 January 1837. He was certainly therefore in Emsworth in 1836. The article further reveals him to be Secretary of the Emsworth Literary Society (ELS), and so he may well have arrived as early as 1835 since it no doubt would have taken a little time to familiarize himself with the surroundings and people. There are numerous reports and advertisements concerning the ELS placed by Edward Sandell in the Hampshire Telegraph �over the six year period 1837-43, and this was not Edward Sandell's only voluntary position. In the Hampshire Telegraph of 22 May 1843 he placed an advertisement, as Secretary, announcing the AGM of the West Sussex & East Hants Friendly Society to be held at the Lamb Inn, Woodmancote. In the same edition he is announced as the Agent and Receiver of the Royal Exchange Insurance Co. for "Emsworth and adjacent parts". Presumably this was a remunerated position that unfortunately came too late for Edward as he was declared bankrupt just two months later. The prints list for Edward Sandell has now increased to 12 from the eight declared in last year's article, and they are all, strictly speaking, lithographs. The appeal made last year clearly worked and so it is repeated again here. I'm still interested in discovering a complete fist of Sandell's prints, and I believe more could exist for the reasons set out in the following. Last year's article expressed an uncertainty about the reason for the publication of the prints, and in particular doubted that they were produced for a book. No. 12 on the list of Sandell prints ("St. Peter's Chapel") was therefore a somewhat important discovery, indeed a eureka moment. As can be seen Sandell intended to publish a set of views of Emsworth with this work (No. 12) being the frontispiece. This would also explain the similarity in the appearance of the prints 8, 9 and 11 ("Gosden Green, Sussex", "Her Majesty — Passing through Emsworth on her late visit to Portsmouth", and "Oldfield Lawn") in particular which I believe to have been produced as part of this project. The prints now discovered reveal the depth of Sandell's collaboration with William Mitchell, who was the named artist on most of them. In fact the prints that do not carry Mitchell's name do not credit an artist at all, merely naming Sandell as the publisher. A closer examination indicated that such prints (1, 4 and 5) seem to have been obtained from particular sections of No. 6. Whether or not Mitchell produced print 6, I cannot say exactly as I have not yet seen an original version of it. Some two years ago when I first became aware of the collaboration between Sandell and Mitchell, I tried to track down William Mitchell and got no trace. A few weeks ago I tried again with my new Find My Past package. No luck with the newspaper searches, and so I tried the 1841 census. Eureka! I printed out the census form and there at the top was Edward Sandell. I quickly checked to see if I had printed out the correct form. I had, so I looked a little further and to my surprise there Mitchell was. Not exactly next door, but next door but one to Edward Sandell. Sandell at No 19 Queen Street, Mitchell at No. 15. My embarrassment at the fact that I had missed this for so long was, however, tempered greatly by the thrill of the find. Guess what I'll be doing next. Don't you just love research! Acknowledgements: I wish to record debts of gratitude incurred in the writing of this article to Barry Mapley, Geoff Higgins, Margaret Rogers, Roy and Sheila Morgan and Linda Newell. PS: I now have a sizeable working file on Edward Sandell, including a list of his published prints, a copy of which I will deposit in the Emsworth Museum ready for next year's opening. A Clive Pugh �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1352 Title A name given to the resource Edward Sandell - A Continuing Story Description An account of the resource Family history research into the life of Edward Sandell from 1806 to 1843. Includes two engravings. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pugh, A. Clive Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2013 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 11.06.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1799-1871 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Emsworth, Southwark Subject The topic of the resource census, genealogy, print maker, stationer Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 45, Nov. 2013, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.5-7, EMHT1351 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/597bf72d9039d63a70d87135ea34023e.pdf f5863413b0f715c012893fb18f1e56c4 PDF Text Text The Maisemore Estate Within Emsworth there are several small areas, each one with an individual identity – Hermitage and Lumley are two examples – their history often proudly preserved by its inhabitants. Another of these areas is ‘Maisemore’, the name said to derive from the Welsh for ‘big field’. The earliest mention of ‘Maisemore’ found so far is in the Kelly’s 1926 Directory. The property is listed as Maisemore Farm, 9 West Road (this was at the west end of West Road on the north side). The occupant at that time was Brigadier Edward F. Trew C.M.G., D.S.O. and the same information was in the 1937 Kelly’s; he died in September 19351. The Maisemore Gardens development lies south of the Havant Road, to the east it runs alongside the back gardens of Beach Road houses and lies to the west of West Road, which gives access to it. A map of 1838 shows the area designated as an Alder Park, suggesting it was then somewhat wet, sloping southwards towards the shore and becoming progressively more marshy. At that time it was also described as ‘pasture’, probably of poor quality. Between WW1 and WW2 the area was used as a Riding School, owned by Mr Edward B. L. Gardiner of 9, West Road, who advertised it in a gold coloured brochure as the Maisemore School of Equitation. It is probable that Mr Gardiner was a relative of Elizabeth Trew (nee Gardiner) From the 1838 map who had married the former owner, Brigadier Trew, and to whom probate had been granted. The school had a large covered teaching area with both indoor and outdoor facilities including electric light and well- appointed dressing rooms and became very popular with local children and adults alike. Mr Gardiner stressed that ‘the EDUCATIONAL WORTH of horsemanship is of importance to boys and girls. Riding is not only of the greatest value to their growing bodies, but above all, THE CONTROL OF A HORSE develops the essentially English qualities of COURAGE, CONCENTRATION AND PATIENCE’ 1 Information contained in directories always requires verification as it was not rare for entries to be simply duplicated without checking. �MAISEMORE SCHOOL OF EQUITATION Fees Single Lesson ............................................................ 6/- per hour 12 Lessons (1 Hour) .................................................. 3 gns. (including Jumping) Hacking accompanied ............................................... 5/- per hour 1 Ride accompanied (1½ hours approx.) .................. 6/12 Rides ..................................................................... 3½ gns. Single Jumping Lesson (½ hour) .............................. 8/6d Hunting, per day (Cap not included) ......................... 2 gns. Cubbing, per day ....................................................... 17/6d Hunter’s Livery ......................................................... 2 gns. per week Pony’s Livery (under 14 hands) ................................ 1 gn. per week For further particulars apply Proprietor : EDWARD B. L. GARDINER 9 WEST ROAD, EMSWORTH. Tel. Emsworth 204 Many people still remember the Riding School fondly. During WW2 Maisemore was taken over by the Searle Aircraft Sheet Metalwork Company, originally a London-based company. It had come to Emsworth to set up a satellite plant in the former Riding School’s covered indoor building to escape bomb damage in the capital. George Gray, who had earlier run his small engineering company from Pinedemonium on Bridgefoot Path, was seconded as an engineer to the aircraft industry and sent to Maisemore at the outbreak of WW2. During the war the company had about 40 staff who made vital parts for the 4-engined Stirling bombers, fuel tanks for training aircraft and ammunition boxes. At the end of the war the factory closed and relocated to Newgate Lane, Fareham and is now the Searle Manufacturing Company. After the war the area lapsed again into poor quality farmland occupied, according to the 1956 Kelly’s entry, by R. J. Beal, Growers Services (Emsworth Ltd.), Spraying Contractors, Maisemore Farm, until in April 1960 Havant Borough Council sanctioned its use for residential development and a scheme was put forward by Tonrin Developments, their first build. The area by the water’s edge was to have no houses and would be a leisure area for residents with seating and trees and possibly a swimming pool, but after the initial groundwork and receiving detailed planning permission, this original plan was revised. Because of the sloping nature of the ground it was necessary to raise the level of the ground from the Green southwards and many trucks loaded with builders’ rubble were tipping for a long time, even after the first householders had taken up residence at Easter 1962. An early Maisemore resident remembers a group of outbuildings being demolished to the north of the estate whilst the first houses were being built. The retaining wall at the top of the beach is an -2- �indication of the extent to which the ground was raised; at high water it flooded to a point about halfway up to the present Green. Whitehead & Whitehead advertised the estate in the following terms: ‘Houses of distinction in a landscape of beauty. The developers have formed a Residents’ Association so that the owners of the properties in Maisemore Gardens can maintain the gardens and the estate as a whole to a high standard. The properties will be sold on 999-year leases at ground rents of only 25s. per annum, and the freehold of the properties will be owned by the Association. The Association will consist only of the residents of MG and each resident will have a share in it. The ground rent payable will be at the discretion of the Association in the upkeep and administration of the communal grounds, dinghy park and the estate as a whole. By selling the properties in this manner the Developers have given each resident, in common with his neighbours, the control and ownership of the communal grounds and thus the tenure of the properties had advantages which many freeholders do not enjoy’. The first houses sold fast. The four-bedroomed units were a rarity in 1962. There were also threebedroom and detached houses with a welldesigned layout, central heating, dishwashers and waste-disposers. Site Plan The houses were constructed in terrace groups starting with nos. 11-15 (12 being the show house), and then nos. 1-5, followed by nos.70-74 and nos. 6-10. It seems that the general progression was then towards the shore beginning from the north side of the Green. By November 1964 the residents got involved and to this day the Maisemore Gardens estate is, uniquely within this area, under the control of its own Council of Management. Geoff Higgins Linda Newell Judy Reay Margaret Rogers NB. – Copies of the original Maisemore Gardens plans and prices for the 4-bedroomed house with integral garage (Type ‘C’) and the 3-bedroomed house with integral garage (Type ‘B’) and separate garage (Type ‘E’) are in the Museum. -3- � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1338 Title A name given to the resource The Maisemore Estate Description An account of the resource History behind the development of Maisemore Gardens together with a map and a site plan plus a riding school advertisement Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Higgins, Geoff; Newell, Linda; Reay, Judy; Rogers, Margaret Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2014 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 18.03.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1838-1964 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Maisemore Gardens Subject The topic of the resource aircraft, equitation, factory, house, property, riding school Modes Classified Name Additional information relating to the object map Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No.46, November 2014, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.5-7, EMHT1336 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/955ef2cd58dc517c5214bf0657674eda.pdf b273b00dded13eba289b2b62e222a527 PDF Text Text The Press Gang In the 18th century, life aboard His Majesty’s ships of the line was hard, brutal and unhealthy. Figures published by the Navy Board in 1781 reveal that 175,008 men were raised for the navy between September 1774 and 1780. Of these, between 1776 and 1780, 1,244 were killed in action, while 18,545 died of disease and 42,069 deserted. As a result of the growing number of desertions, the press gangs had to increase their activities. A sad epitaph in Warblington churchyard records the fate of William Bean, aged 20 years, who died in 1758, a victim of the press gang: Unhappy late imprest and forced was I From every friend to fight the Enemy Yet harder fate by strange Explosion sent, From fire to water mark the dire event. Two elements conspire to set me free, Lord, from life’s tempests rests my soul with Thee. The press-gangs were supposed to confine their operations to taking seamen, so coastal towns like Emsworth, where so many men earned their living in some sea-faring trade, were particularly vulnerable. Men were reluctant to join the navy voluntarily, not only because of the long absences from home and the hardships of life on board ship, but also because of the very real danger of mutilation, which might prevent them from earning their living again should they ever return home. For those seized by the press-gang, it was very difficult to escape. Sometimes marriage was accepted as an excuse, especially if the employer of the man was sufficiently influential. Boys often married while they were still apprenticed, but this did not always save them from being pressed. Men were pressed while out drinking in the local public houses, and some were never heard of again. Mrs Jewell of Emsworth recalled that one man: … got clear away from the Press Gang and hid in the bottom of a boat for days where food was taken to him. Another was chased to a barge from which he jumped overboard and swam to the Slipper and so escaped. An old man often went out to see if the coast was clear for the young men to fish … The Press Gang had a boat at the bottom of South Street to take away the men. One was rescued by his sweetheart, she came running down the street and begged to be allowed to kiss her man goodbye. The officer, touched by her devotion, or her good looks, let her come close to the boat to kiss him for the last time, then she dragged him over the side of the boat shouting ‘Run you Lubber, run’. The man did, and so fast that he was not pressed. These two married and had 22 children. When the navy was desperate for men, the Press Gangs abandoned the rule about taking only seamen. Charles Harper, in his book The Portsmouth Road, first published in 1895, wrote about the resistance put up by ordinary citizens, and especially by their womenfolk, against the forced removal of their husbands and sons. Describing a Gillray cartoon representing the ‘hot press’ in the streets of some seaport town, in the years following the American War of Independence when there was a shortage of men in the navy, Harper writes: A gang has seized a tailor, a poor, miserable-looking wretch with no fighting in him, almost literally as well as metaphorically the ‘ninth part of man’, and his captors are dragging him off, knock-kneed and incapable of resistance. But if he submits so easily, the women in the crowd have to be reckoned with, and are doing all the fighting. The furious virago in the foreground is pulling at a midshipman’s hair with �all the strength of one hand, while with the other she is lugging his ear off, kicking him at the same time on the knee [ … ] whilst another woman with a heavy mop is preparing to fell him to the ground. A more refined rescue of a possible victim of the press gang was of Mr Stenning, a man who later became a lawyer. He was pressed in Portsmouth High Street, although he was wearing his school uniform. Fortunately, he was seen by a lady who knew him and his family and he was rescued. Mrs Jewell tells how the officer of the Press Gang came to John King’s boatyard in King Street, Emsworth, demanding his workmen: But John King closed the big gates and, seizing a hatchet, stood there saying he would chop off any hand that was laid on the gate [ … ] The Officer said that he would seize the men when they went home to dinner, but King replied that they would not go home for dinner and gave them bread and cheese, and beer, from his own house. King then sent a messenger to Portsmouth on horseback to find out if the men who were building the boats and making all the ash goods for the Navy could be pressed. Later in the day, the answer came back. All men working for Mr King were exempt; they were already serving the King. POSTSCRIPT The site of the naval hospital at Haslar was specially chosen to make it difficult for sailors who recovered from their wounds to desert. From Haslar, they could be returned straight to their ships. From the earlier naval hospital at Gosport, most of the men who survived took the opportunity to ‘disappear’. Christine Normand -2- � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1343 Title A name given to the resource The Press Gang Description An account of the resource Statistics showing fate of those pressed, plus the work of the press gangs in Emsworth and Warblington Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Normand, Christine Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2014 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 18.03.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 18th century and 19th century Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Emsworth, Portsmouth, Warblington Subject The topic of the resource boat, epitaph, marriage, navy, schoolboy, ship, workmen Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 46, November 2014, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.17-18, EMHT1336 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/14584aab356699307e82d6243b45e579.pdf 251c3c780228dc078a185716a8fdffab PDF Text Text The Emsworth Improvement Scheme of 1963 As we get older most people would agree with the old adage that ‘history repeats itself’, so it was not surprising to learn that in the late 1950s/early 60s the Civic Trust led a drive throughout the country to revitalise town centres and shopping areas. Emsworth duly picked up the challenge to organise and promote the town as an attractive shopping destination. Now, some 50 years later, various groups of local business people are faced with a similar task, still striving to present Emsworth to residents and potential visitors as a place of distinction, its retailers able to offer a diverse range of goods and services just a little bit different from the multinationals to be found on most run-of-the-mill high streets. To do so the town is currently getting visually ‘spruced up’ – the bus stop in The Square has already been renovated and new shops are replacing empty ones. These are further enhanced by monthly markets and a recent ‘special’ such as a British Food Fortnight in which local schools’ and colleges’ catering departments also participated. Civic pride in the town was clearly evident in 1963 when an organising committee stimulated several brewers to smarten their premises by either repainting or cleaning - The Ship, The Crown, The Black Dog (now Spice Village, an Indian Restaurant) and the Town Brewery - and wherever possible individual retailers were encouraged to do the same. It was clearly an energetic committee, convening under the impressive title of ‘The Emsworth Improvement Scheme 1961-2’ and was supported by the Havant & Waterlooville UDC and the Havant, Emsworth & District Chamber of Commerce. The museum was very fortunate indeed to be able to purchase a scrapbook from Bookends of architectural drawings and correspondence relating to this committee’s efforts. Although these were centred primarily on premises in the High Street and The Square the drawings radiate out briefly into South, West, King and Queen Streets as well, but omitted North Street. The committee’s campaign efforts led to a formal opening in July and a tea in the hospital garden. During the interim period between 1963 and 2014 we have seen several public houses close down (one hitherto little known about, The Half Way House in New Brighton Road – ref. Roy & Sheila’s report) and banks also, Lillywhite’s Garage but various estate agents and eating establishment have come into the town. Nevertheless, customer choice and confidence in well-established reputations is still important to both residents and visitors alike and on looking around the locality they may see pennants and flags proclaiming 65 years’ service from Lillywhite’s garage in Queen Street and 90 years’ of business still being done by the fifth-generation of H. H. Treagust’s, a family-owned butchers, in The Square. �One of the most fascinating things about looking at old newspapers is their advertisements and the Archivists Report details how many diverse retailers we had even earlier in 1952-3. By the time this edition of The Emsworth Echo is distributed members and visitors to the museum will have been able to browse around a memory-jogging exhibition in September put on by Treagust’s, the butchers – were the prices of meat joints and sausages ever really that cheap? - followed by a display in October of the 1963 Improvement Scheme plans and correspondence. As they mounted the stairs vibrant photographs would have reminded them of the town’s recent past and how the buildings and shops’ frontages looked then. It is part of the museum’s remit to archive and preserve details of such events, not only in written form but by oral history. Mrs Marlene Barton generously gave us time to capture on DVD her reminiscences of her parents’ shop, Hutchins, in The Square – according to her mother the best sellers were knickers and slippers. And Mike Lillywhite and some of the ‘old boys’ who worked there have also kindly agreed to talk about life and times in his Queen Street garage. Unbelievably petrol was once 5p a litre! The museum is always keen to develop its collection of such memories so if you would like to contribute please do contact the editor. Margaret Rogers -2- � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1342 Title A name given to the resource The Emsworth Improvement Scheme of 1963 Description An account of the resource Revitalising Emsworth town centre. Includes one photograph. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rogers, Margaret Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2014 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 18.03.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1961-2014 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. High Street, King Street, Queen Street, South Street, The Square, West Street Subject The topic of the resource business, butcher, garage, goods, market, public house, services, shop Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 46, November 2014, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.16-17, EMHT1336 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/e9921f91b8ab636afcb426b6ed37aa8c.pdf 731726ae06d369fdc3c5b4c04c5763ec PDF Text Text The Road into Town By 1700 the village of West Thorney was a thriving fishing and farming community clustered around its 500 year old church. The quickest and safest method of travel was by sea but the islanders still needed a land route to take their livestock to market in Emsworth. Over the centuries a wadeway had been built across the mile or so of tidal creeks and saltmarshes which separated Thorney from the mainland. Its most likely route is that of the modern road, snaking north across the marshes to a midway point at Eames Island, and then to the shore somewhere near what is now the junction of Thorney Road and Thornham Lane. Once ashore the route into town may have been along the shore or in a straight line east and north of where the deckhouses are now to join up with King Street; either way the final hurdle was the River Ems. The Ems reached the sea through saltmarshes where the Slipper Mill Pond is today. Travellers could either negotiate another wadeway or follow the shoreline along which is now Slipper Lane to cross the river further up. But these ancient paths were about to be disrupted. In the mid-1700s Thomas Hendy set about converting the Ems estuary into an industrial complex. He dug out the marshland to create the Slipper Mill Pond to power his mill. He used the spoil to create Hendy’s quay for his shipyard, confining the Ems to Dolphin Creek. A quay for the mill was constructed – it still exists as the north bank of the marina. King Street was given a kink to the south leading to a repositioned wadeway. The new wadeway led to a track along the shoreline of what is now the deckhouse estate and so to Thorney. And that is why there is a public footpath along the west bank of the marina to this day. A map of about 1820 records the Thorney wadeway as a “Causeway for carriages at low water” but only a few years later it was cut through, as was Hayling’s, as part of the strategic inland waterway from London to Portsmouth. Hayling soon got a bridge but Thorney had to wait until 1870 when the Wickor and Stansbury Banks were completed and the reclaimed land dried out. Thorney Road was constructed linking the island to the main road, and Eames Farm was built on Eames Island. Today this once busy highway is just a little-used footpath but, if you care to don your wellies, around low water you can walk its route west from the junction of Thorney Road and Thornham Lane, past the deckhouses and north beside the marina. Then scramble down the bank, ford the Ems, and walk up King Street. And as you go reflect on the many people who have walked this way before and the changes which have happened to the path over time. Only a little speculation has gone into this article. It is based on documented history provided by local historian Tony Yoward to whom I am most grateful, with additional material by David J Rudkin. Richard Creer � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1341 Title A name given to the resource The Road into Town Description An account of the resource Evolution of the paths from Thorney Island to Emsworth Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Creer, Richard Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2014 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 18.03.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1700-2014 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Emsworth, Thorney Island Subject The topic of the resource land, mill, path, pond, reclamation, river, sea, track Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 46, November 2014, editor Rogers, Margaret, p15, EMHT1336 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/1890d5d6c61b078379d6ade947280c39.pdf 49ae6f4163a8921c7d6e7173e4f4b9b0 PDF Text Text WILLIAM PINK – A Life of Shade You wouldn’t think, anyone named Pink, could be so hard to find? But there’s shade in his story, so William’s nearly forty, ‘fore he’s of any other kind. 1851, it’s a landmark year. Having witnessed periods of violent disorder in continental Europe, and itself emerging from some two decades of social unrest, the UK mounts the Great Exhibition to display to the world, the peace, progress and prosperity of Britain. To show Britain as the land of promise and opportunity is the nation’s hope, but back in Emsworth, it is already becoming a reality. The town, prospering from the construction of the railway just four years earlier, is about to see its population increase from around 1,500 in 1850, to about 2,000 in 1890 due in part to people attracted by promise and opportunity. It’s 1851, and William Pink is one of these people, I believe. At least the 1851 Census is the first recording of his presence in the town that I have been able to find, although it’s probably true that he arrived a little earlier. Born in Warnford, Hampshire in around 1811, William Pink is baptized in Warnford on 8th August 1813 (although he consistently gives this as 1814 in the census records of 1851-71). His parents are Thomas (bap. 31.10.1784, with no parents listed) and Lydia Wadmore (bap. 6.04.1788, Corhampton, registered mother Lydia, but noted as illegitimate). In the 1851 Census, William is recorded as living in Hayfield Lodge, Warblington, (later to become Emsworth House School on what is now Havant Road, Emsworth) and working as a butler to Margaret Henville, a widow aged 50, who employs four other staff. Until this census, the only other possible reference to William that I have found comes in the 1841 Census where he is likely to be the butler listed as serving John and Francis Noris (just one “r”, but two in the 1851 Census) in Cheriton, near Alresford. If William had had a shady past then he would no doubt have been easier to uncover. William’s past, however, seems to have been spent in the shade, and that’s an investigator’s nightmare. Anyway, he’s a butler. But this is 1851, a landmark year, and no less such a year for William Pink. He is around 37 with a comfortable career seemingly mapped out in butlery. However it’s in this remarkable year that, perhaps sensing the national mood, he emerges from the shade of his past to begin the realization of a dream, to form a close and everlasting friendship, and to find romance. Yes all these things come to William Pink in 1851. The promise of Emsworth, eh! William’s dream, it seems, is to be an artist, actually an engraver to be precise. In 1851 he produces what I believe to be his first two prints. The first of these is a certificate entitled “Importance of Punctuality”. It is a strange production, a little naïve in its execution, which might have been expected given that he was probably entirely self-taught. Nevertheless shining through the considerable detail of the engraving, and the numerous cartouches and vignettes involved, is the light of a great passion and commitment for the task. Quite what was the reason for this work is a matter of conjecture. It has been suggested that it may have been a sampler or apprentice piece, to illustrate his abilities in his newly chosen profession. The certificate contains the dedication “Most Respectfully dedicated, by permission, to Mr Thos Francis (Butler) of Stansted House, Sussex” which could possibly indicate a different motivation. �In 1851, Thomas Francis had been butler at Stansted House, West Sussex, for approximately ten years. He and his wife Dorothy (nee Munro) had moved there shortly after their marriage in the parish of St George, Hanover Square, London in 1841. At the time of their marriage they were living/working at the same address in Hertford Street, London, but by the time of the 1841 Census they had taken up their respective positions of butler and cook at Stansted. The owner of Stansted House over the period 1826 -1855, was Charles Dixon, a noted philanthropist, supporter of good and charitable deeds, and one time High Sheriff of Sussex. Perhaps, as a good employer, Charles Dixon commissioned the certificate in recognition of Thomas Francis’ ten years of service? We may never know, but by one means or another, William Pink’s work becomes known to Charles Dixon, for William’s second print (I am assuming this to be the order of production) of 1851 is “Stansted House, Stansted Park, 1853 Sussex, seat of C. Dixon Esq”. Charles Dixon may have commissioned both, either or none, of these prints. Who knows? Whatever, we do know of the existence of two original issues of the Stansted House print and both can be seen at the house. This apparent digression to Stansted House and its butler is nothing of the sort. It turns out to be the point around which the building revolution in William Pink’s life takes place. William Pink is on his way. In 1852 he produces two more prints, one of Westbourne Church (available to see in West Sussex Record Office, Chichester) and one of Hayfield Lodge (shown below) where he was registered as butler in 1851. In 1853 William publishes four prints, one of which is another view of Stansted (shown). This particular print occurs as the frontispiece of the book “Enchanted Forest” by Lord Bessborough with Clive Aslet but I have not as yet been able to track down an original copy of the print. A list of those twenty- odd prints I have discovered (I do not claim to have seen original copies) may be seen in Emsworth Museum, and I am grateful to a number of people who have helped in the task. The list is still a work in progress, so any contributions to it are most welcome. As usual the search is not aided by the lack of credit given to the originator of the print. Hantsphere, for example, tends to credit the print to the person who has taken the photograph that is eventually loaded onto their website. Looking at my current list of Pink’s prints reveals some quirks. It is strange, for example, that although William produced an engraving of Havant Railway Station in 1858, he does not appear to have produced a corresponding one for Emsworth. In fact Emsworth appears to be generally under-represented in the list given that he typically “signs” a print as “W Pink, Emsworth”. Another curiosity is the frequent inclusion of the imprint “Drawn from Nature and engraved by”. William Pink seems to pride himself on the use of his own original drawings, rather than trust other artist’s pictures. William continued to flourish as an engraver through to 1861, when he declares himself as such in the Census of that year. At this point, however, he slips under the radar somewhat, -2- �only to appear again with two stunning large scale prints entitled “Cricket match at Stansted”, in 1874 and “The Meet”, in 1876. Both these prints are reproduced in “Enchanted Forest”, while the originals are at Stansted House itself. These two prints together with the certificate/sampler of 1851 are the only large prints I have unearthed. Also, I have not as yet discovered a reason for the 13 year break in William Pink’s publication record. I’m hopeful that more prints will be found to fill in this and other voids. The 1861 and 1871 Census records for both William Pink and Thomas Francis give interesting insights into their lives. At some point around 1855 William leaves service at Hayfield House, but does not move far away. He lives a little further along Warblington Road (now Emsworth Road, Havant). The actual property is listed as “Warblington Villa” in 1871 and he may have moved next door, to “Walberton Villa” sometime before 1881. On the 1898 Hayfield Lodge, 1852 Ordnance Survey map these properties are shown adjacent to Glebe Manor on its Havant side and opposite Denvilles House and not a hundred yards from today’s Spring Centre, Havant. According to the 1861 Census, Thomas Francis, too, has left service at Stansted House, and has now moved a little closer to Emsworth than William Pink, in fact to Havant Road, Emsworth, at what is now No.14. These are all substantial properties and where the money came from to fund William and Thomas’ lifestyle changes is still a mystery to me. It’s rarely correct to assume close neighbours are close friends, and these are hardly close neighbours. However there is more than enough evidence to verify the suggestion that they were very close friends. Note for instance that in 1859, with the nation again worried by possible war with France (not an envisaged part of the Great Exhibition legacy), William Pink and Thomas Francis attended a preliminary meeting of the Havant and Emsworth Volunteer Rifle Corps (Hampshire Telegraph 3rd Dec.) and felt sufficiently moved to make donations of one guinea and ten shillings respectively. With Thomas age 63 and William age 48, there is more than a touch of “Captain Mainwaring” about this episode, which may be verified by reading the reports of the meetings of the Corps appearing in the Hampshire Telegraph. A more relevant indicator of the closeness of their friendship is the record from the Census of 1861 that William Pink is married. His wife, Sarah, took a little time to trace, but good old library habits (the book you need is next to the one you’re looking for) came into play, and by such means Sarah’s birth details were found to correspond exactly to those of Sarah Jackson the listed Housekeeper at Stansted in 1851. It seems that while beavering away on etchings of Stansted House, William was quietly working on another project – or maybe it was the other way round? At any rate, their relationship blossomed over some five years or so, and finally resulted in their marriage in 1856, despite Sarah being thirteen years William’s senior. A marriage made in Heaven? Nearly, but not quite – more like the enchanted forest, Stansted! Sarah Jackson is living at an address in Hertford Street in the St George’s registration district in London in the 1841 Census. This is the same year that Thomas and Dorothy Francis are married, and Hertford Street is their declared joint address on their wedding certificate. In all -3- �probability then the three of them were acquainted with each other at this time, and it is highly probable that the Francis’s played some role in Sarah’s subsequent appointment as Housekeeper at Stansted. The departure of the three most senior staff from Stansted at around the middle of the 1850s has a possible connection with uncertainty of employment there, Charles Dixon having died in 1855. Unfortunately Dorothy Francis did not survive in her new life for very long, dying age 57 on 11.04.1859. This means of course that she does not appear in the 1861 Census. However there is evidence to suggest that she did make the move to Havant Road, for she was buried at Warblington Church, and is recorded as being of Warblington in the Record of Churchyard Memorial Inscriptions (Headstone record no. SW196). Thomas Francis remarried some eighteen months later, in the third quarter of 1860, and so it is his second wife Ellen, 18 years his junior, who appears on the 1861 Census return. In 1861, the Pink household includes William, Sarah, William’s father Thomas (now age 80 and a widower), William’s sister Mary (aged 35 and a widow), and a servant. It is the detail of this return that confirms that the William Pink I’ve been talking about is the one baptized in Warnford on 8th August 1813 (despite the consistent census declaration of 1814) and of father, Thomas. From the 1871 Census, it is seen that William Pink is living alone with his wife Sarah, and that they are employing one servant, as they have done since they married. The real surprise in 1871, however, is contained in the Francis household where there is listed a second Thomas Francis who is recorded as “son”. There had been no reference to such a person living with the Francis’ at Stansted in the 1851 Census, nor living with Thomas Francis in Warblington Road (now Havant Road, Emsworth) in the 1861 Census. Thomas Francis Jnr’s birth was registered by his father Thomas Francis (presumably he of Stansted) in Havant in the third quarter of 1844 (no mother named), and in 1851 a six year-old Thomas Jnr is shown to be living in Westbourne with three single middle aged women (two sisters and a cousin). At this moment, I guess your nose is pointing in the same direction as mine on the explanation of this situation. If it is then we would all be wrong! I don’t know why I didn’t do this sooner, but looking at the baptism record at Warblington shows his mother to be Dorothy Francis and that no doubt conceals sadness. Notice that Thomas Jnr’s birth comes just three years after Thomas senior’s marriage to Dorothy Munro and about the same length of time that the two had been in post at Stansted. Presumably therefore they were in a position where the child could not be accommodated at Stansted, and with their livelihood threatened, Thomas Snr and Dorothy took the unenviable decision to “foster” out their son. On the question of where the money came from to pay for all of this, I have not been able to make progress. Although our evidence thus far indicates close friendship, it is through their deaths that the true depth of this relationship between these four people is revealed. In 1871 Sarah Pink dies age 71 on 22nd October, shortly after the 1871 Census point. As with Dorothy Francis (nee Munro), Sarah Pink is buried at Warblington Church in the recorded grave SW198. Thomas Francis dies age 80 in 1876, while William Pink dies age 67 in 1880. Both Thomas Francis and William Pink are buried at Warblington in the recorded graves SW197 and SW 199 respectively. These four people dying over a period of 21 years and then being interred in immediately adjacent graves is due reference to a deep and permanent attachment, which is simultaneously both metaphorical and literal. William Pink died in 1880, and so does not have an 1881 Census record. Had he survived another year the Census would have shown something I only discovered on finding his headstone. Appropriately for William the headstone lies in one of the shadiest parts of the graveyard and is difficult to read. However, according to the Church Records, William re- -4- �married in 1875 and it is his second wife Mary Ann, eleven years his junior, who shares his grave SW199 in the churchyard. Call me romantic, but I was a little saddened by this event. Then again there have been a number of highs and lows throughout the researching of William Pink. Disappointments at not being able to unravel his early life, caused by the shade of his past, have been tempered by the joys of finding another Pink print. Imagine, for example, the high of my finding of the last print, and one of my last discoveries of any new information on William Pink. It was William’s “first” production, the certificate/sampler. Shade may have been a recurring theme throughout his life, limiting a full telling of his story, but it is enlightenment that comes from the shade provided in his prints. I hope people will properly reference them in future. Though the feel-good factor of 1851 soon evaporated across the nation, as evidenced by the need to feel protected by the Havant and Emsworth Volunteer Rifle Corps, it is clear that the feeling continued much longer within the mind of William Pink. Now what do you think of William Pink, the man with a shaded past? He comes to light, so shade he might, an age gone by to last. A Clive Pugh Acknowledgments: My thanks are due to numerous people contacted while writing this article, among them being Wendy Bright, Linda Newell, Barry Mapley, Janet Sinclair and Joan Felton at Stansted House, Richard Pink, the East Meon History Group, and West Sussex Record Office. However my greatest debt of gratitude is to Roy and Sheila Morgan, the outstanding archivists of Emsworth Museum. -5- � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1340 Title A name given to the resource William Pink - A Life of Shade Description An account of the resource History of William Pink, his work as an engraver and his connection to the owner and staff of Stansted House. Includes two engravings. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pugh, A Clive Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2014 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 18.03.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 18th century and 19th century Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Emsworth, Hampshire, London, Stansted, Sussex, Warblington Subject The topic of the resource butler, census, employer, engraving, exhibition, family history, print, working life Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 46, November 2014, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.9-13, EMHT1336 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/4ae9fbe88523ef58f65d82b10ccb4c06.pdf f55368a811bd9127579230cc945aa6be PDF Text Text Emsworth’s Servicemen in WWI Great Britain has always maintained a small permanent, but professional, British Army which has been based on volunteering and still is. The Royal Navy was, and again still is, based on these lines. However, in an emergency or in wartime there is a need for rapid expansion of both, the troops having to be trained before being sent to the front line. At the beginning of WWI recruitment of volunteers became urgent and striking posters, many of which were produced by well-known artists and even now still easily recognised, and newspaper articles appeared urging men to do their duty. A newspaper article of February 1915, six months after the outbreak of war, announced that Emsworth was a patriotic little town because of the 2,500 adults living in the town, over 500 had willingly “joined the colours”, that is 20% of the adult population. Until the Conscription Act was introduced in 1916 to enlist compulsorily men between the ages of 18 and 46 into the army and navy, some politicians had earlier thought it was un-British to raise numbers in this way because the British would always do what was right. The stress on the remainder of the population was immense. Old men and women had to do the work of young men, married women had to manage families without their husbands and the “home fires” had to be kept burning and these were just the physical effects. Mentally, too, women had to shoulder much, questioning not only when, even if ever, would they see their men again, how would they manage without them and how could they cope on receipt of those terrible telegrams telling them that someone was not coming home? Imagine the suffering of Louisa Couvell, the mother of five sons whose husband, James, had already died at sea before the outbreak of war: her eldest son Henry served in the navy, her second son, also in the Royal Navy died aboard HMS Queen Mary at Jutland, her third son Francis died in France in October 1916 and her fourth son in the Sussex Regiment survived the war. In Emsworth a War Relief Committee was soon founded, as in many other towns, to keep in touch with its young men and to supply them with additional comforts, such as socks, tobacco, chocolate and gloves. The Chichester area required men for the Sussex Regiment, while Portsmouth raised three battalions for the Hampshire Regiment. Men of Emsworth were found to be volunteering for both, but later in the war they were placed wherever the need was greatest. These localised recruitment schemes led to what were known as the “Pals’ Battalions” as men naturally preferred to join up with relatives and known or friendly familiar local faces. As the war progressed the weakness of this became apparent as whole towns were bereft and football teams could no longer field a side – a situation which occurred at both Havant and Chichester. Although the French trenches of Ypres and the Somme dominate WWI thinking, in fact Emsworth men served all over the globe. Lynton Woolmer White, Charles Outen and the Churcher brothers were sent to India, Harold Tier to Jerusalem and Cairo and John Parham had crewed transport ships at Gallipoli during the Dardanelles campaign whilst William Bailey and Arthur Sharp served on HMS Aboukir which sank in the North Sea. Many other Emsworth men naturally gravitated towards sea-going services, in both the Royal and Merchant Navy and Royal Marines, among them Robert Warren Johnson, Alfred Young also on HMS Aboukir, Charles Henry Berrecloth, Arthur Parham, James Cribb and George Thomas Booth, a Boy Seaman 1st Class and only 16 years when he was lost at sea on HMS Hawke. These are just a few examples of many local men who had made the ultimate sacrifice. Some died later of wounds, accidents and illnesses incurred in the war. Life �for those who survived and returned home, whether they had served on land or sea, their experiences in this ‘War to end all Wars’ would be forever scarred on their memories. The Rev. Herbert Sprigg, Rector of St. James’ Church from 1893 to 1920, whose son Henry had been killed in Syria in 1918, had long thought that it would be fitting for an altar piece to commemorate the fallen. So, against some local opposition, a triptych depicting the life of St James the Apostle was devised. This shows: On the left the calling of St. James by Jesus to represent the men of Emsworth who went to war; In the middle James’ mother asking Jesus for a place in Heaven for her son, representing the mothers and wives who suffered whilst their men were at war; On the right the martyrdom of St. James representing the sacrifice of the men who died. The idea of the reredos screen memorial did not meet with wholehearted approval, but it was done. Others commemorated their loved ones in the church in different ways. Some men of the area thought it would be more practical to endow two beds in the Queen Victoria Diamond Jubilee Hospital to be available for the poorest in the community. This was done and commemorated by a plaque on the hospital’s wall. In 2013 it was removed and is now safely stored in the Museum. Linda Newell -2- � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1339 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth's Servicemen in WW1 Description An account of the resource Emsworth volunteers and conscripts, their home comforts, places in which they served and their memorials. Some men are listed by name as is Louisa Couvell. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Newell, Linda Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2014 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 18.03.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1914-1920 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Belgium, Cairo, Emsworth, France, Gallipolli, India, Jerusalem, North Sea, Syria Subject The topic of the resource army, death, mother, navy, servicemen, survival Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo. Issue No.46, November 2014, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.8-9, EMHT1336 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/641776d38c09379ad7c51c0b73e28a63.pdf 426d558e2af9ea3e25447e1461954cfb PDF Text Text Archivists’ Report No. 46 Banking in Emsworth Banking is recorded from 1821 onwards. Before it disappears altogether we thought it might be helpful to record what has been available over almost 200 years. The earliest recorded banking activity is in 1821. Holloway and Westwood were agents for a Petersfield local bank which had been founded in 1808. Holloway and Westwood were local merchants and millers in Emsworth and it was usual at this time to start banks when merchants had credit or cash before they had to pay over, e.g. malt dues. The most persistent site of banking was 15 High Street. The Lloyds’ site was originally a two-storey building. The third-storey was added in 1923/4. Below is a list of the eight sites where banking has taken place over the years: A 3 High Street 1902-23 London & County Banking Co. Ltd. 1923-68 Westminster Bank B 4/6 High Street 1927-1984 Barclays Bank C 15 High Street 1864 Hampshire Banking Co. 1877 Hampshire and North Wilts. Banking Co. 1878-1902 Capital and Counties Bank 1959 National Provincial Bank 1968 Merger with Westminster Bank 1980 Nat. West Bank D 10-12 High Street 1984-2014 Barclays Bank E 30 High Street 1902-1918 Capital and Counties Bank 1918-2014 Lloyds Bank F 49 High Street 1937-1959 National Provincial Bank G 40 High Street 1968-1980 Westminster Bank H King Street 1821-1841 Holloway and Westwood Agents for Hector, Lacy and Hector, Petersfield. �Map of central Emsworth The above material was obtained from the archives of the various banks plus excerpts from directories. Margaret Rogers also provided an extract from the Hampshire Telegraph of 21st February 1842 which reported that the London & Counties Bank opened a facility at the Black Dog every Friday between 10 a.m. and noon. August 2015 Roy and Sheila Morgan, Hon. Archivists � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1337 Title A name given to the resource Archivists' Report No. 45 (First item, WW2 bomb damage in Emsworth) Description An account of the resource List of the bombs dropped on Emsworth and district in WW2 plus locations, details and effects Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Morgan, Roy and Sheila Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2014 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 18.03.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1940-1944 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. allotments, gardens, harbour, town, woods Subject The topic of the resource flying bomb, H.E. (high explosive), house, incendiary bomb, injury, magnetic mine, person, property Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 46, November 2014, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.3-5, EMHT1336 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/de576618544a4756eb322b74ac290c56.pdf ec669fe1c5f9b40d10c74a225cb1e1dd PDF Text Text Joyriding in the 1960s and 1970s My one and only boyfriend was an apprenticed motor-mechanic when I first went out with him, and for the rest of his life wheels and engines were an essential part of him. He was apprenticed in 1963 to Lillywhite’s Garage completing the 5 year apprenticeship, including day release at Highbury College, and then stayed on a further year to complete an additional diesel module. When we first went out the Lillywhite’s stock-car was then history. Several of the mechanics and apprentices used to spend hours constructing, repairing and racing this home-made machine, travelling to Aldershot, Eastbourne, Ipswich and Peterborough to see if they could beat the opposition. Roger Horwood was the main driver and many a tale has been told of beating the opposition, travelling with six in the car and the trailer attached behind, punctures in the outside lane of the Kingston Bypass and having to be at work on time the next day.Most of the lads could not afford their own vehicles, so relied on parents or Joe and Len Lillywhite for the loan of a car to go chatting, as they called going out with girls. We tended to walk into Havant to go to the Empire Cinema, or just walk. Ernie borrowed Joe’s car on one occasion to collect me from Liverpool Street Station. I had been to see my family in Norfolk and was returning with my Granny. Ernie met us and drove us through London and then home. Granny Bullock was a large, happy lady – 5ft tall and 5ft round, with a rich fruity chuckle. She sat ensconced on the back seat, while I chatted with Ernie in the front. When we got to Whicher’s Gate railway bridge, Ernie accelerated and we flew over the top. Granny went up into the air; hit the roof of the car and her straw cloche hat jammed down over her ears and eyes. She was still shaking with laughter when we arrived home. Needless to say, Ernie was approved of by her. Most of our group of friends had a connection with Lillywhites, and they were known as the Lillywhite Boys. As girls came along they were just added to the group. Several of us were there for some years, but others came and went. Roger was the one with the most changes – a new girl each week. Our meeting place was very often the Lord Raglan. The first person to have her own car was Rosemary Lovell, who was going out with (and later married) Keith Shuker. She had a Morris 1000 Traveller, which had been bought for her by her parents because she was running the florist side of their business and needed transport for deliveries. After the wedding of Anne Parham (who worked at Lillywhite’s) and Dave Hitchman at Southbourne, Rosemary’s car had a severe trial. We had all been at the reception in the church hall, which was a corrugated building just behind the church in Stein Road, and decided to return to Emsworth. Rosemary and Keith sat in the front seats, three lads with three girls on their laps sat on the back seat and two further lads sat in the boot with two more girls on their laps. Twelve in one car, and Rosemary felt the steering was not very precise!! Gradually, as they passed their tests, the lads got their own cars. A group of eight or ten of us would meet most Friday or Saturday evenings. In those days (!) there was always a public dance somewhere in Emsworth, where we would meet. It could be the Red Cross Hall, Conigar Road Hall, the Church Hall, the Public Hall (over the fire-station) or the St. John’s Hall. After an hour or two we would pile into the cars and travel over to Aldwick, near Bognor. The Bali Hai Club was a night club and we felt very sophisticated being signed in as members or members’ guests. Our table in the upstairs restaurant would be booked for about 11.30pm and we would dine on prawn cocktail, steak and chips with Black Forest gateau to follow - the height of chic! Then we returned to the dance floor for the rest of the evening.We usually ended the night (early morning) with breakfast at Jack’s Café in Portsmouth. This �was the full English greasy meal that most transport cafes try not to serve these days. Arriving home about 7.00am it was in to bed for a short time and then up and do it again on Saturday night. Each couple always travelled in their own car for the simple reason they could get lost (!) for a little while, and of course there was always the chance of hiding away together at the end of the evening. We all had our own places for being secluded, but during the summer evenings many of us would go to Hayling Island to swim after work and then - as it got dark - to linger. The main place was among the beach huts that were between the Inn on the Beach and the golf course. Cars would back up between the huts for privacy and it seemed an unwritten rule that head lights would not be turned on until the car had left the area. One evening there was a scrabbling noise and a thump, so head-lights came on all over the place, to show a car, which had been stealthily backing out from its place, had backed too far and gone over the edge of the track, so its own headlights were pointing to the sky. I am sorry to say that none of us went to help – we all just turned our lights off and quietly left the area. The A27 had been made a dual carriageway as far as Warblington, but we all still preferred travelling from Portsmouth through Havant. It was one of those young men things, that when returning from Portsmouth they had to take the roundabout at Warblington at 60mph. Not as dangerous as it appears, because the sight lines were very open, there were nowhere near as many cars on the road – in fact at the time we were travelling we were often the only cars on the road – and the roundabout was so big that the curves were very shallow. It did make the girls shriek though! Ernie’s love of motor and motor-cycle racing rubbed off on me and we enjoyed ourselves travelling all over to the various meetings. Many of the other girls did not enjoy this, so our paths began to diverge. Eventually we found speedway racing. Our nearest track was Wimbledon, so every Thursday afternoon during the summer we would leave Chichester, where I worked, with a picnic tea and travel to Wimbledon to watch the Dons. Barry Briggs, Ronnie Moore, Trevor Hedge, Garry Middleton and all the other aces. Then squeeze out of the car park, back to Emsworth and be ready for work next morning – without a voice through shouting so much. A couple of times we had problems getting home. We had gone to West Ham for a British Championship meeting and on leaving we found we had no headlights. The street lights were not as numerous as now, so Ernie fiddled around with the connectors and we found the only way we could have lights was if I held the switch in a certain way. Cramped fingers meant that when we went through a town I was allowed to take my finger off the switch, but had to be ready to put it back on when we reached the end of the street lights. Our other memorable occasion was when a road was being prepared for resurfacing just near Morden (not far outside Wimbledon). As far as we could see there were no warning signs, so we hit an exposed manhole cover at about 50 miles an hour. Not only did it break the exhaust, but it took the manifold right out of the engine. (Next morning Ernie discovered that it had also broken an engine mounting as well!) The noise was horrendous, but where we came to a downward stretch Ernie would coast to allow our ears to recover. By this time we were married and living at Westergate, so we travelled via Hazlemere, Midhurst and Goodwood. Climbing up The Trundle was something I remember to this day – the noise was indescribable and I often wonder what the residents of Singleton must have thought. Many of these joy rides finished in the early 1970s when we all gradually married and families came along, but when we meet up we remember these happy joy-riding days. Linda Newell � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1335 Title A name given to the resource Joyriding in the 1960s and 1970s Description An account of the resource Car outings with the Lillywhite Boys Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Newell, Linda Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2015 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 16.03.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1963 to early 1970s Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Aldwick, Emsworth, Havant, Hayling Island, Portsmouth, Southbourne, Warblington Subject The topic of the resource car, engine, food, headlights, picnic, wheel Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No.47, November 2015, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.18-19, EMHT1328 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/d2e5885f1901bb4a70fc3f56ab01c982.pdf b89a4b212fcb3cf048da83b2b0b878cb PDF Text Text The Rev. William Norris (1795 – 1893) – founder of St. James’ Church In 1795, the year of William’s birth, Emsworth was part of the parish of Warblington. His father, also called William, had been Rector of the parish from May 1789; qualified in civil law from the University of Oxford he had been recommended to the vacancy by his widowed mother, Williams’s grandmother, Anne Norris. Anne had bought the advowson in 1786 from the Lord of the Manor, Thomas Panton of Newmarket. An advowson is the right to recommend to the Bishop of a diocese a priest entitled to receive the tithes collected in the parish, otherwise known as the benefice. William Norris was the third of four children and first son, born to Mary Ann, wife of the Rector. Their eldest child, Anne, was baptised in 1791 and Mary Ann baptised a year later; William was baptised on 28th June 1795 at St. Thomas a Becket, where, scarcely a month later, on 22nd July his elder sister, Mary Ann, aged two years and eight months, was buried. William’s mother had one more child, James, baptised on 16th January 1797. William attended Trinity College, Oxford, graduating B.A., in 1816 and MA in 1819. In May 1819 he was licensed as his father’s curate on a stipend of £75 per annum, and was ordained in the newly consecrated St Marylebone Church, London, a month after his appointment to Warblington. His father, the Rector, died eight years after Williams’s installation and may have been unwell for some time. The last time his father is recorded as the chairman of the parish vestry, effectively the predecessor of a parish council, is 10 June 1823. Until 1818 the Rector had officiated at most of the marriage services in the parish but in July of that year his son began to take over, conducting seven of the remaining eight marriages. The Rector’s name is recorded at only eleven of the 116 marriages celebrated in his Church from 1819 until his death in March 1827, and in most the officiating priest is the curate, Rev. William Norris, (it is possible to differentiate between the two by their signatures in the Register). However on Monday 22nd April 1822 the Rector did join in Holy Matrimony his son to Ann Frances Butler. William was to marry on two more occasions and experienced personal tragedy that must have tested his faith and Christian resolve. A year after his marriage, Ann Frances died on the day she gave birth to a daughter, Mary Ann. William married again in 1828, this time to Grace Hawkins from Lewell in Dorset only to lose her eight days after the birth of their son, William Thomas, born 4th June 1830. In September 1832 he married for the third time. His bride was Emily Short, daughter of Grace and Charles Short of Woodlands in Warblington (later known as Southleigh House, part of which survives at the junction of Bartons and Horndean Road). Charles Short was a senior lawyer, Clerk of the Rules in the Court of Queen’s Bench, and had bought Woodlands in 1820. William and Emily did not have any children and William became a widower for the third time when Emily died in January 1859. Emily would, no doubt, have supported William through another tragedy, the agony of the loss of his only son. William Thomas was to visit Australia, possibly to see his stepmother’s brother, Augustus Short, who was Bishop of Adelaide. On 1st July 1856 26 year old William boarded a schooner, Wyvern, in Nelson, South Island, New Zealand, bound for Sydney, Australia, a journey across the Tasman Sea of a month to six weeks. By the end of August reports began to arrive that the Wyvern was delayed and then at the end of September the news that she had been presumed lost with all those on board. William’s only daughter, Mary Ann, lived until 1900, married and had four daughters, the eldest of whom, Frances, was mother to John William Campbell killed in Belgium on 14th �May 1918 and memorialised in both St Thomas a Beckett and the Ploegstreert Memorial, Belgium; the great-grandson of William Norris. In a will written three years before his death, Williams’s father bequeathed, ‘all that my Advowsons, Right of Patronage of and in the Rectory of or living of Warblington’ onto my eldest son who on the 26 April 1827, ‘was admitted and instituted to the Rectory of Warblington’ by Bishop George Tomline. The new Rector appears to have brought energy and determination to address the problems of his parish, principally the lack of places of worship for a growing community, albeit at some distance from the parish church. Just over two months after his inauguration he presided over a meeting of the vestry called to consider the propriety of enlarging the parish church by ‘throwing out two transcepts [sic] to the North and South’. Each proposed transept was to be 280 square feet in size and hold ten pews, those in the north, ‘erected by the various parishioners owners of Houses in the Parish who have applied for the same’ and those in the south to provide free-sittings, ‘erected and forever hereafter repaired, maintained and kept by the Rector of this Parish for the time being’. The intention to provide free-sittings is a reflection of a concern that Rev Norris showed in what was probably his inaugural sermon as Rector, preached on 13 May 1827 on a text from Colossians Chapter 3, ‘Whatsoever ye do, in word or deed; do all in the name of the Lord Jesus’. In it he expressed his gratitude not only to those attending the service, but also to those attending the Sacrament of ‘the Lord’s Supper’, applauding the ‘manifest increase and improvement, both in the numbers which attend this holy rite, and the devout manner in which it appears to be received.’ He concluded his sermon with a specific address ‘to my poorer parishioners’ reminding them that ‘the poor man has as much need to be cautious in his conduct, notwithstanding his poverty, as the rich man has, notwithstanding his wealth,’ assuring them that a poor man cannot be guiltless before God, ‘if while he pleads his necessities, he is at all guilty of idleness; or if, relying upon the immediate pittance of parochial relief, he is willing to barter that independence which is his natural birthright as an Englishman.’ What was very evident is that the poor had little opportunity to nourish their spiritual needs; St Peter’s Chapel, built by subscription in the centre of Emsworth had very limited accommodation for those who could not afford to rent a pew, the means by which the Chapel was run. The Rector also found himself coming under pressure from the gentry moving into the parish in the early part of the nineteenth century. His future father-in-law, Charles Short, wanted to convert an ‘ancient Oratory situated on the north side’ of the parish church for use of himself and family. A fortnight later, William Padwick, another lawyer who had bought the Manor of Hayling from the Duke of Norfolk in 1825 made a similar request for the Oratory at the ‘south side’ of the church for the use of those who lived in a property he owned, Oak Lodge. Described as a “querulous megalomaniac’ and a member of the vestry William Padwick had objected to the nomination of James Cullis as Churchwarden ‘who is a Carpenter at Emsworth and Clerk at the Chapel of Ease at Emsworth and consequently a person unfit to be a Churchwarden’. The complaint seems to have had little effect as James Cullis remained churchwarden. In 1834 the Government reorganised how the poor were given aid by bringing together several parishes into Poor Law Unions. Warblington joined with Hayling and Havant to form the Havant Union, the first meeting of which was held in The Bear, Havant, on 30th May 1835. William Norris was one of three representatives from Warblington and the Rector found himself at the heart of a controversy. One of the members of the Union, a magistrate, Sir John Theophilus Lee, sought to bypass the Union and increase the allowance paid to one of his employees. When the Relieving Officer, a paid employee of the Union, enquired into -2- �the circumstances of the employee he reported that the reason for the employee’s poverty was the low wages paid by Sir John. This led to a rancorous meeting of the Union at which Sir John insulted the Chairman, John Barton, resulting in the suspension of business. William Norris was charged to make a report on the whole affair which would be submitted to the Poor Law Commissioners. His conclusions were unambiguous, as a clergyman and a gentleman, the Havant Union was determined to work for the benefit of the poor in an objective and responsible manner. Sir John Lee did not attend further meetings of the Union. The planned expansion of the parish church did not happen nor was it possible to extend St Peter’s Chapel, as there was not enough space for additional building bounded as the Chapel was by the property of Thomas Cluer, Shipwright and home and garden of James Preston. The position facing the parish was clearly stated in the Hampshire Telegraph and Sussex Chronicle of 29 July 1839, ‘The only means afforded in Emsworth for Divine Worship, according to the forms of the established Church, are by a Proprietary Chapel, containing no more than 500 sittings, none of which are free [emphasis original]. Much time and trouble have been expanded in endeavouring to procure the enlargement with free sittings, and the Consecration of this Chapel, but owing to the peculiar nature of the property it has been found impossible to accomplish it’. In June 1839 the Rector made an application to the Incorporated Society of the Church of England for support to build a new chapel in Emsworth that would have 566 seats, 334 of which would be free. He reported that through the ‘exertions that have been already made to raise the funds’ £494 had been collected, not including £500 from the Diocesan Church Fund. The original subscription list has not been located, but taking the names of subscribers as published in editions of the Hampshire Telegraph it is possible to reconstruct it. The Rector and his brother Rev James Norris each gave £100, their mother Mary Ann, £10 their sister Anne, £10 and William’s daughter Mary Ann, £2. Thus the Norris family contributed £212 to the building of what would become St. James’ (about £10,000 at today’s prices) Or another way of putting it, the family contributed ten per cent of the final cost of building St. James, £1,908 15s 5d. The Chapel was consecrated by Bishop Sumner on 10th November 1840, hence this year’s 175th anniversary celebration exhibition at the Museum. A year later Emsworth became a recognised district within the Parish of Warblington and through the generosity of William Norris, who endowed St Thomas with £1,000, some of the tithes of the parish could be diverted to support the incumbent vicar of St. James’. On 1st December 1858 Henry Winter Sheppard who had been in post from 1844, was appointed Rector of Emsworth and the district became a parish in its own right in 1866 before recombining in 1924. William retired aged 83 in 1878 in favour of his nephew, William Burrell Norris, and lived at the Rectory for a further fifteen years before his death on Saturday 21st January 1893. He had been a loyal servant to his parish, generous to the poor and energetic in ensuring all had the opportunity for appropriate worship; that legacy still stands. September 2015 Philip Robinson -3- � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1334 Title A name given to the resource The Rev. William Norris (1795-1893) – founder of St James’ Church Description An account of the resource Life history of the Rev. William Norris and his family together with plans for the betterment of the spiritual life of the Emsworth community. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Robinson, Philip Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2015 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 16.03.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1786 to 1924 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Belgium, Emsworth, Oxford, Tasman Sea, Warblington Subject The topic of the resource advowson, chapel, church, family history, memorial, Poor Law, schooner, vestry, Will Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 47, November 2015, editor Rogers, Margaret, pp.15-17, EMHT1328 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital https://emsworthmuseum.org.uk/emcms/files/original/4f889f4012e678d8e0a6cf1af5e2d68a.pdf 81d8484ebb488a2b6511b9cc6f1970ee PDF Text Text P G Wodehouse’s Strange Machine As you come into the Museum’s main room and turn into the P G Wodehouse corner you see standing on the desk a typewriter. P G once said that all he wanted was a chair, a table and a typewriter and this machine, although a later model than his ‘Monarch’, has proved to be a source of great curiosity to many of our visitors below the age of 30. Is it a computer? What does it do? Can I have a go on it? And so on. Even those over the age of 30 may wonder why the ‘Qwerty’ or Universal keyboard on it is laid out as it is. When I was taught to touch type the first thing our teacher said was, ‘Is there anyone here who is a left-handed pianist?’ No? A pity! This was because the keyboard is so laid out that the left hand does 60% and the right hand 40% of the work and both hands’ fingers have to work independently; the one digit not used was the left-hand thumb. So why this arrangement in the first place? The idea of a typewriter came to an Englishman Henry Mill around 1714, but unfortunately his patent was far too vague ‘An artificial machine or method for the impressing or transcribing of letters singly or progressively one after another’ – he could have been describing a child’s alphabet toy and few people were interested. Nothing much happened then until a century and a half later in 1873 an American inventor, Christopher Sholes, teamed up with Carlos Glidden. Glidden was a printer and it was he who reproduced the printers’ letter layout and together with Sholes designed the keyboard so that the letters which in early machines were arranged to rest in a semi-circular typebasket before being struck, did not get tangled up with each other – the ‘Qwerty’ arrangement. Their invention – all in capital letters - was further developed and promoted shortly afterwards by the Remington company and became a great success. Later still many other firms such as Barlock, Hermes, IBM and Olympia produced models. Over the years there were also many different attempts to produce a quicker, more efficient keyboard layout but without success. Now new versions of personal computers, tablets, i-phones and mobiles are produced seemingly every other day and more ergonomic keyboards have been designed but the ‘Qwerty’ arrangement stays with us. When P G Wodehouse left Emsworth in 1914 to go to America with the advent of WW1 and because so many men were lost in the trenches, it was the women who seized their chance to step up to the platen (the hard roller round which the paper turned) to become ‘typewriters’. It was they who were called that rather than the machines at first. In large numbers their machines made an unbelievable racket crashing away in huge rooms called typing pools. Bells pinged constantly as they came to the end of the line and operatives had to bang the carriage back again with their left hand. Woe betide them if they dirtied their white gloves by changing the ribbon spools which provided the red and black ink and worse still was the time lost by correcting an error by rubbing away at multi layers of paper interleaved with carbons. Still, by becoming a ‘typewriter’ they added another job opportunity to those traditional stereotypes of the time of becoming a housemaid, shop-keeping or nursing and it was their prowess on the invention of the Sholes and Glidden keyboard which changed their lives for ever. Margaret Rogers � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT2019 Title A name given to the resource Emsworth Echo Articles Description An account of the resource Articles published in the Emsworth Echo Annual Bulletin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors, mostly Members of EMHT or local researchers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 until the present Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Emsworth Echo Article Articles published in the Annual Bulletin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EMHT1333 Title A name given to the resource P G Wodehouse's Strange Machine Description An account of the resource History of the typewriter including that belonging to P G Wodehouse, plus the story of pools of 'typewriter' girls Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rogers, Margaret Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01.11.2015 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bury, Christine Date Accepted Date of acceptance of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Accepted may be relevant are a thesis (accepted by a university department) or an article (accepted by a journal). 16.03.2018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 18th century to early 20th century Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Emsworth, UK, USA Subject The topic of the resource keyboard Modes Classified Name Additional information relating to the object typewriter Relation A related resource Article in The Emsworth Echo, Issue No. 47, November 2015, editor Rogers, Margaret, p.14, EMHT1328 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Stored Location The place where the physical object is stored Digital